1887

Abstract

Summary: Two freshwater bacteria, a sp. and a sp., were grown in continuous culture under steady-state conditions in -lactate-, succinate-, ammonium- or phosphate-limited media. In sp., NAD-independent and NAD-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenases, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities increased up to 10-fold as the dilution rate () was decreased from 0·5 to 0·02 h, regardless of whether the growth-limiting nutrient was carbon, ammonium or phosphate. In contrast, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase activities were not influenced by , and NADH oxidase activity increased with sp. gave different results in some respects, but it also exhibited an increase in the activity of several enzymes at low values. Such increases may emanate from release of catabolite repression, and catabolite repressors for the five enzymes in sp. showing such increases are probably compounds of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. It is likely that increased enzyme syntheses in low cultures represent the normal physiological state for bacteria in aquatic environments where growth occurs slowly under nutrient limitations. Such increases probably permit a more effective utilization of nutrients present at sub-saturating concentrations.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-94-2-323
1976-06-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/94/2/mic-94-2-323.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-94-2-323&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Beck C., Von Meyenberg H. K. 1968; Enzyme pattern and aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under various degrees of glucose limitation. Journal of Bacteriology 96:479–485
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bolton P. G., Dean A. C. R. 1972; Phosphatase synthesis in Klebsiella (Aerobacter) aerogenes growing in continuous culture. Biochemical Journal 127:87–96
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brown C. M., Stanley S. O. 1972; Environmental mediated changes in the cellular content of the ‘pool’ constituent and their associated changes in cell physiology. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 22:363–389
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Buettner M. J., Spits E., Rickenberg H. V. 1973; Cyclic adenosine 3′5′-monophosphate in Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology 114:1068–1073
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Clarke P. H., Houldsworth M. A., Lilly M. D. 1968; Catabolite repression and the induction of amidase synthesis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8602 in continuous culture. Journal of General Microbiology 51:225–234
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cleland W. W., Thompson V. W., Barden R. E. 1969; Isocitrate dehydrogenase (TPN specific) from pig heart. In Methods in Enzymology 13 pp. 30–33 Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. Edited by New York: Academic;
    [Google Scholar]
  7. De Crombrugghe B., Chen B., Anderson W. B., Gottesman M. E., Perlman R. L., Pastan I. 1971; Role of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate and the cyclic 3′,5′-monophosphate receptor protein in the initiation of lac transcription. Journal of Biological Chemistry 246:7343–7348
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Dean A. C. R. 1972; Influence of environment on the control of enzyme synthesis. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 22:245–259
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Ells H. A. 1959; A colorimetric method for the assay of soluble succinic dehydrogenase and pyridine nucleotide linked dehydrogenases. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 85:561–562
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Harder W., Veldkamp H. 1967; A continuous culture study of an obligately psychrophilic Pseudomonas sp. Archiv für Mikrobiologie 59:123–130
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Harvey R. J. 1970; Metabolic regulation in glucose-limited chemostat cultures of Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology 104:698–706
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hendricks C. W. 1972; Enteric bacterial growth rates in river water. Applied Microbiology 24:168–174
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Jannasch H. W. 1967; Enrichments of aquatic bacteria in continuous culture. Archiv für Mikrobiologie 59:165–173
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Jannasch H. W. 1969; Estimations of bacterial growth rates in natural waters. Journal of Bacteriology 99:156–160
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Langdon R. G. 1966; Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from erythrocytes. In Methods in Enzymology 9 pp. 126–131 Edited by Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. New York: Academic;
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Matin A., Hogenhuis H., Grootjans A. 1975; Derepression of enzymes of intermediary metabolism at low growth rates under carbon, ammonium or phosphate limitation. American Society for Microbiology, Abstracts p. 122 Washington D.C.: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Matin A., Rittenberg S. C. 1971; Enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in Thiobacillus species. Journal of Bacteriology 107:179–186
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Matin A., Veldkamp H. 1974; Physiological basis of different substrate affinities of two fresh water organisms. American Society for Microbiology, Abstracts p. 50 Washington D.C.: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Mcmurrough I. M., Rose A. H. 1967; Effect of growth rate and substrate limitation on the composition and structure of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemical Journal 105:189–203
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ng A. M. L., Smith J. E., Mcintosh A. F. 1974; Influence of dilution rate on enzyme synthesis in Aspergillus niger in continuous culture. Journal of General Microbiology 81:425–434
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Ng F. M. -W., Dawes E. A. 1973; Chemostat studies on the regulation of glucose metabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by citrate. Biochemical Journal 132:129–140
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Otten J., Johnson G. S., Pastan I. 1971; Cyclic AMP levels in fibroblasts: relationship to growth rate and contact inhibition of growth. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 44:1192–1198
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Paigen K., Williams B. 1970; Catabolite repression and other control mechanisms in carbohydrate utilization. Advances in Microbial Physiology 4:252–324
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Rickenberg H. V. 1974; Cyclic AMP in procaryotes. Annual Review of Microbiology 28:353–369
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Schlegel H. G., Eberhardt U. 1972; Regulatory phenomena in the metabolism of knallgasbacteria. Advances in Microbial Physiology 7:205–242
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Smith R. W., Dean A. C. R. 1972; β-Galactosidase synthesis in Klebsiella aerogenes growing in continuous culture. Journal of General Microbiology 72:37–47
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Snoswell A. M. 1966; dl-Iactate dehydrogenases (NAD-independent) from Lactobacillus arabinosus. In Methods in Enzymology 9 pp. 321–327 Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. Edited by New York: Academic;
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tempest D. W. 1970; The place of continuous culture in microbiological research. Advances in Microbial Physiology 4:223–250
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Tempest D. W., Meers J. L., Brown C. M. 1970; Influence of environment on the content and composition of microbial free amino acid pools. Journal of General Microbiology 64:171–185
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Van Es F. B. 1971 Selection offresh water bacteria in continuous culture on the basis of substrate concentra-tion. Thesis, State University of Groningen, The Netherlands:
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Vishniac W., Santer M. C. 1957; The thiobacilli. Bacteriological Reviews 21:195–213
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-94-2-323
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-94-2-323
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error