The Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids by Five Bacterial Isolates from the Sheep Rumen, Including a New Species Free

Abstract

SUMMARY: Five strictly anaerobic bacteria able to hydrogenate unsaturated fatty acids were isolated from sheep rumen. One was characterized as , two as spp. and two as spp., one of which is named as a new species. The Fusocillus organisms were able to hydrogenate oleic acid and linoleic acid to stearic acid, and linolenic acid to -octadec-15-enoic acid. The and the two Eubacteria did not hydrogenate oleic acid but converted linoleic and linolenic acids to a mixture of octadecenoic acids; -octadec-11-enoic acid predominated but several isomeric and octadecenoic acids were produced together with isomers of non-conjugated octadecadienoic acids.

The intermediate and final products of hydrogenation by each organism were compatible with the results from mixed rumen bacteria.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-90-1-100
1975-09-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/90/1/mic-90-1-100.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-90-1-100&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barker J. N., Britton H. G. 1957; The enzymatic estimation of l(+)-lactic acid. Journal of Physiology 138:3 p
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Barnes E. M., Burton G. C. 1970; The effect of hibernation on the caecal flora of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel(Citellus tridecemlineatus). Journal of Applied Bacteriology 33:505–514
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bryant M. P. 1959; Bacterial species of the rumen. Bacteriological Reviews 23:125–153
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bryant M. P., Robinson I. M. 1961; An improved nonselective culture medium for ruminal bacteria and its use in determining diurnal variation in numbers of bacteria in the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science 44:1446–1456
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bryant M. P., Small N. 1956; The anaerobic monotrichous butyric acid-producing curved rod-shaped bacteria of the rumen. Journal of Bacteriology 72:16–21
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chanda S. K., Hirst E. L., Jones J. K. N., Percival E. G. V. 1950; The constitution of xylan from esparto grass(Stipa tenacissima L.). Journal of the Chemical Society,1289–1297
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cleland W. W. 1964; Dithiothreitol, a new protective reagent for SH groups. Biochemistry 3:480–482
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Coleman G. S. 1958; Maintenance of oligotrich protozoa from the sheep rumen in vitro. Nature; London: 182:1104–1105
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Cowan S. T., Steel K. J. 1966 Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria. Cambridge:: Cambridge University Press.;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Czerkawski J. W., Blaxter K. L., Wainman F. W. 1966; The metabolism of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids by sheep with reference to their effects on methane production. British Journal of Nutrition 20:349–362
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Dawson R. M. C., Hemington N., Grime D., Lander D., Kemp P. 1974; Lipolysis and hydrogenation of galactolipids and the accumulation of phytanic acid in the rumen. Biochemical Journal 144:169–171
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Dawson R. M. C., Kemp P. 1970; Biohydrogenation of dietary fats in ruminants. In Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminant, pp. 504–518 Phillipson A. T. Edited by Newcastle: Oriel Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Demeyer D. I., Henderic H. K. 1967; The effect OF C18 unsaturated fatty acids on methane productionin vitro by mixed rumen bacteria. Biochimica et biophysica acta 137:484–497
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Garton G. A., Lough G. J. B., Vioque E. 1961; Glyceride hydrolysis and glycerol fermentation by sheep rumen contents. Journal of General Microbiology 25:215–225
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Gutierrez R. E., Davis I. L., Lindahl I. L., Warwick E. J. 1959; Bacterial changes in the rumen during the onset of feed-lot bloat of cattle and characteristics ofPeptostreptococcus elsdenii n.sp. Applied Microbiology 7:16–22
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hawke J. C., Silcock W. R. 1969; Lipolysis and hydrogenation in the rumen. Biochemical Journal 112:131–132
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Henderson C. 1973; Effects of fatty acids on pure cultures of rumen bacteria. Journal of Agricultural Science 81:107–112
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Holdeman L. V., Moore W. E. C. 1973 An Anaerobic Laboratory Manual,, 2nd edn.. Blacksbury, Virginia: Virginia Polytechnic Institute:
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hungate R. W. 1966 The Rumen and its Microbes New York and London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Jones R. J. 1974; Role of dietary fat in health. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 51:251–254
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Katz I., Keeney M. 1966a; Characterization of octadecenoic acids in rumen digesta and rumen bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science 49:962–966
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Katz I., Keeney M. 1966b; Occurrence of ketostearic acids in the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science 49:967–970
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kemp P., Dawson R. M. C. 1968; Isomerisation of linolenic acid by rumen microorganisms. Biochemical Journal 109:477–478
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Kemp P., White R. W. 1968; The biohydrogenation of linolenic and linoleic acids by bacteria isolated from an ovine rumen. Biochemical Journal 106:55 p.
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Kepler C. R., Hirons K. P., Mcniell J. J., Tove S. B. 1966; Intermediates and products of the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid byButyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Journal of Biological Chemistry 241:1350–1354
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Kepler C. R., Tove S. B. 1967; Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. III. Purification and properties of a linoleate∆12-cia∆11 trans-isomerase fromButyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Journal of Biological Chemistry 242:5686–5692
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Kepler C. R., Tucker W. P., Tove S. B. 1970; Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. IV. Substrate specificity and inhibition of linoleate ∆13cis,∆11trans-isomerase fromButyrivibrio fibrisolvens. Journal of Biological Chemistry 245:3612–3620
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Lancefield R. C. 1933; A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci. Journal of Experimental Medicine 57:571–595
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Lev M. 1958; Apparent requirement for vitamin K of rumen strains ofFusiformis nigrescens. Nature; London: 181:203–204
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Mills S. C., Scott T. W., Russell G. R., Smith R.M. 1970; Hydrogenation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids by pure cultures of a rumen micrococcus. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 23:1109–1113
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Moore W. B. 1968; Solidified media suitable for the cultivation ofClostridium novyi type B. Journal of General Microbiology 53:415–423
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Noble R. C., Steele W., Moore J. H. 1969; The incorporation of linoleic acid into the plasma lipids of sheep given intraruminal infusion of maize oil or free linoleic acid. British Journal of Nutrition 23:709–714
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Orpin C. G., Munn E. A. 1974; The occurrence of bacteriophages in the rumen and their influence on rumen bacterial populations. Experientia 30:1018–1020
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Polan C. E., Mcneill J. J., Tove S. B. 1964; Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids by rumen bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology 88:1056–1064
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Privett O. S., Nickell E. C. 1966; Determination of the specific positions ofcis andtrans double bonds in polyenes. Lipids 1:98–103
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Provost P. J., Doetsch R. N. 1960; An obligate anaerobic amylolytic coccus from the bovine rumen. Journal of General Microbiology 22:259–264
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Roehm J. N., Privett O. S. 1969; Improved method for determination of the position of double bonds in polyenoic fatty acid esters. Journal of Lipid Research 10:245–246
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Rosenfeld I. S., Tove S. B. 1971; Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. VI. Source of hydrogen and stereospecificity of reduction. Journal of Biological Chemistry 246:5025–5030
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Von Rudloff E. 1956; Periodate-permanganate oxidations. V. Oxidation of lipids in media containing organic solvents. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 34:1413–1418
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Russell G. R., Smith R. M. 1968; Reduction of heliotrine by a rumen micro-organism. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 21:1277–1290
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Sachan D. S., Davis C. L. 1969; Hydrogenation of linoleic acid by a rumen spirochete. Journal of Bacteriology 98:300–301
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Schlenk H., Gellerman J. L. 1960; Esterffication of fatty acids with diazomethane on a small scale. Analytical Chemistry 32:1412–1414
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Scott T. W., Cook L. J. 1973; Dietary modifications of ruminant milk and meat fats. In The Coronary Heart Disease and Dietary Fat Controversy pp. 48–64 Wellington: Editorial Services;
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Sebald M. 1962; Étude sur les bacteries anaerobies Gram-negative asporulées. Laval: Barneoud;
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Swern D., Scanlan J. T. 1953; Elaidic acid. Biochemical Preparations 3:118–120
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Viviani R. 1970; Metabolism of long-chain fatty acids in the rumen. In Advances in Lipid Research 8: pp. 267–345 Paoletti. R. Edited by New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Walker D. J. 1961; Isolation and characterisation of a hemicellulose fermenting bacterium from the rumen. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 12:171–175
    [Google Scholar]
  48. White R. W. 1970; A closed culture vessel for colony counts of anaerobic bacteria, with a note on isolation from a mixed population. Laboratory Practice 19:180
    [Google Scholar]
  49. White R. W., Kemp P. 1971; Sheep rumen bacterial isolates which biohydrogenate unsaturated dietary fatty acids. Journal of General Microbiology 68:vi–viii
    [Google Scholar]
  50. White R. W., Kemp P., Dawson R. M. C. 1970; Isolation of a rumen bacterium that hydrogenates oleic acid as well as linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Biochemical Journal 116:767–768
    [Google Scholar]
  51. White R. W., Mackenzie H. R., Bousfield I. J. 1974; Successful freeze-drying and retention of biohydrogenation activity of bacteria isolated from the ovine rumen. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 37:vi
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Wilde P. F., Dawson R. M. C. 1966; The biohydrogenation of α-linolenic acid and oleic acid by rumen micro-organisms. Biochemical Journal 98:469–475
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-90-1-100
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-90-1-100
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed