1887

Abstract

Summary: The peptides of the hyphal wall of have been studied to determine their physical characteristics. We have removed these peptides from the wall by treatment with 0·5 M-NaOH and shown by DEAE cellulose chromatography that there are five major fractions present. Amino acid analysis showed distinct differences in primary structure between these fractions but similarities in the proportions of hydrophilic residues and the ratios of basic residues to acidic residues of each fraction. Two unknown compounds, one acidic and the other basic, were also detected.

Extraction of the wall with NHOH released a high molecular weight glycopep-tide complex, from which the peptides were released with NaOH. -Glycosyl serine linkages were demonstrated to occur within this complex.

Enzyme digestion of either the chitin or the β-1,3-polymer of the hyphal wall failed to release peptide material. This, together with the above, suggests that the glycopeptide of the hyphal wall is a highly ordered structure of peptides joined by a branched carbohydrate linker of unknown composition, and that it is not demonstrably covalently linked to the other major components of the wall. It probably occurs as an extremely large structure embedded in the other polymers of the hyphal wall.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-78-1-139
1973-09-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/78/1/mic-78-1-139.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-78-1-139&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bartnicki-Garcia S. 1968; Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis and taxonomy of fungi.. Annual Review of Microbiology 22:87–108
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Carubelli R., Bhavanandan V. P., Gottschalk A. 1965; Studies on glycoproteins. XI. The >O>-gly-cosidic linkage of >N>-acetyl-galactosamine to seryl and threonyl residues in ovine submaxillary gland glycoprotein.. Biochemica et biophysica acta 101:67–82
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Chang P. L. Y., Trevithick J. R. 1972a; Release of wall-bound invertase and trehalase in Neurospora crassa by hydrolytic enzymes.. Journal of General Microbiology 70:13–22
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chang P. L. Y., Trevithick J. R. 1972b; Distribution of wall-bound invertase during the asexual lifecycle of Neurospora crassa.. Journal of General Microbiology 70:23–29
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Eberhart B. M. 1961; Exogenous enzymes of Neurospora conidia and mycelia.. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 58:11–16
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Eddy A. A. 1958; The structure of the yeast cell wall. II. Degradative studies with enzymes.. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 149:425–440
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eylar E. H. 1965; On the biological role of glycopeptides.. Journal of Theoretical Biology 10:89–113
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Gornall A. G., Bardawill C. S., David M. M. 1949; Determination of serum protein by means of the biuret reaction.. Journal of Biological Chemistry 177:751–766
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gottschalk A., Murphy W. H. 1961; Studies on mucoproteins. IV. The linkage of the prosthetic group to the protein core in ovine submaxillary gland mucoprotein.. Biochemica et biophysica acta 46:81–90
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gross E. 1967; The cyanogen bromide reaction. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. Enzyme Structure vol 11 Edited by Hirs C. H. W. New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Holden M., Tracey M. V. 1950; A study of enzymes that can break down tobacco-leaf components. 2. Digestive juice of Helix on defined substrates.. Biochemical Journal 47:407–444
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hunsley D., Burnett J. H. 1970; The ultrastructural architecture of the walls of some hyphal fungi.. Journal of General Microbiology 62:203–218
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Korn E. D., Northcote D. H. 1960; Physical and chemical properties of polysaccharides and glycoproteins of the yeast cell wall.. Biochemical Journal 75:12–17
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Livingston L. R. 1969; Locus-specific changes in cell wall composition characteristic of osmotic mutants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. Journal of Bacteriology 99:85–90
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lloyd K. O. 1970; On the structure of a peptido-phosphogalactomannan complex from a black yeast, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. FEBS Letters 11:91–94
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent.. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Mahadevan P. R., Tatum E. L. 1965; Relationship of the major constituents of the Neurospora crassa cell-wall to wild-type and colonial morphology.. Journal of Bacteriology 90:1073–1081
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Mahadevan P. R., Mahadkar U. R. 1970; Role of enzymes in growth and morphology of Neurospora crassa: Cell-wall-bound enzymes and their possible role in branching.. Journal of Bacteriology 101:941–947
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Manocha N. S., Colvin J. R. 1967; Structure and composition of the cell wall of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. Journal of Bacteriology 94:202–212
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Metzenberg R. L. 1963; The localization of β-Mructofuranosidase i.. Neurospora. Biochemica et biophysica acta 77:455–465
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Neuberger A., Gottschalk A., Marshall R. D. 1966; Carbohydrate-peptide linkages in glycoproteins and methods for their detection. In Glycoproteins Edited by Gottschalk A. Amsterdam, Holland: Elsevier Publishing Co.;
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Nurminen T., Oura E., Suomalainen H. 1970; The enzymic composition of the isolated cell wall and plasma membrane of baker’s yeast.. Biochemical Journal 116:61–69
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Rosen H., Berard C. W., Levenson S. M. 1962; A simplified procedure for automatic amino acid analysis.. Analytical Biochemistry 4:213–221
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Sentandreu R., Northcote D. H. 1968; The structure of a glycopeptide isolated from the yeast cell wall.. Biochemical Journal 109:419–432
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Slayman C. W., Slayman C. L. 1970; Potassium transport in Neurospora. Evidence for a multisite carrier at high pH.. Journal of General Physiology 55:758–786
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Spackman D. H., Stein W. H., Moore S. 1958; Automatic recording apparatus for use in the chromatography of amino acids.. Analytical Chemistry 30:1190–1206
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Tanaka K., Bertolini M., Pigman W. 1964; Serine and threonine glycosidic linkages in bovine submaxillary mucin.. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 16:404–409
    [Google Scholar]
  28. De Terra N., Tatum E. L. 1963; A relationship between cell wall structure and colonial growth in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. American Journal of Botany 50:669–677
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Trevithick J. R., Metzenberg R. L. 1966a; Molecular sieving by Neurospora cell walls during secretion of invertase isozymes.. Journal of Bacteriology 92:1010–1015
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Trevithick J. R., Metzenberg R. L. 1966b; Genetic alteration of pore size and other properties of the Neurospora cell wall.. Journal of Bacteriology 92:1016–1020
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Vogel H. J. 1964; !Distribution of lysine pathways among fungi: evolutionary implications.. American Naturalist 98:435–446
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Yabuki M., Fukui S. 1970; Presence of binding site for α-amylase and of masking protein for this site on mycelial cell wall o.. Aspergillus oryzae. Journal of Bacteriology 104:138–144
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-78-1-139
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-78-1-139
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error