1887

Abstract

Summary: The effects of the self-inhibitor, -dimethylguanosine, on the metabolism of spores of were investigated. It is concluded that since both self-inhibited and activated spores had similar initial values, the site of action of the self-inhibitor was not on respiratory metabolism. Incorporation of [UC]glucose revealed that organic acids and amino acids accumulated in self-inhibited spores and that protein synthesis was inhibited. Succinic acid accumulated only when the activated self-inhibited spores became anaerobic so its accumulation was not directly related to self-inhibition. Phenylalanine, methionine and tryptophan were absent in dormant spores but appeared after heat-activation and accumulated in self-inhibited spores. The accumulation of amino acids was related to the inability of self-inhibited spores to synthesize protein. analysis showed that protein synthesis began early in spore germination and that the self-inhibitor immediately arrested this process when added to activated spores and slowed it when added to germinating spores. No effect of self-inhibitor on RNA synthesis during germination was detected. Thus, we conclude that the self-inhibitor, a methylated base of guanine, regulated spore germination by preventing the synthesis of protein necessary for subsequent development.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-2-331
1973-06-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/76/2/mic-76-2-331.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-2-331&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bacon C. W. 1972 A model for self-inhibition Ph.D. Thesis. Department of Botany, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.:
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bacon C. W., Sussman A. S., Paul A. G. 1973; Identification of a self-inhibitor from spores of Dictyostelium discoideum . Journal of Bacteriology (in the press)
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brambl R. M., Van Etten J. L. 1970; Protein synthesis during fungal spore germination. V. Evidence that the ungerminated conidiospore of Botrydiplodia theobromae contain mRNA. Archives of Bio-chemistry and Biophysics 137:442–452
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bush L. 1968; Measurement of oxygen consumption of wheat stem rust uredospores with an oxygen electrode. Phytopathology 58:752–754
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Ceccarini C. 1967; The biochemical relationship between trehalase and trehalose during growth and differentiation in the cellular slime mould, Dictyostelium discoideum . Biochemica et biophysica acta 148:114–124
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Ceccarini C., Cohen A. 1967; Germination inhibitor from the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum . Nature, London 214:1345–1346
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cha S. 1969; Succinate thiokinase from pig heart. In Methods in Enzymology vol xiii pp 62–69 Edited by Lowenstein J. M. London and New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Conway J. W., Lipmann F. 1964; Characterization of a ribosome-linked guanosine triphosphatase in Escherichia extracts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 54:1462–1469
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Cottor D. A., Raper K. B. 1966; Spore germination of Dictyostelium discoideum . Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 56:880–887
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Cottor D. A., Raper K. B. 1968; Factors affecting the rate of heat-induced spores germination in Dictyostelium discoideum spores. Journal of Bacteriology 96:86–92
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Davis B. D., Kornberg H. L., Nagler A., Miller P., Mingioli E. 1959; Formation and functions of succinate in E. coli . Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Proceedings 18:211
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Durell J., Anderson D. G., Cantoni G. L. 1957; The synthesis of methionine by enzymic trans-methylation. Biochemica et biophysica acta 26:270–282
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Gottlieb D. 1966; Biosynthetic processes in germinating spores. In The Fungus Spore pp 217–233 Edited by Madelin M. F. London: Butterworths;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hauber J., Singer T. P. 1967; Studies on succinate dehydrogenase. European Journal of Biochemistry 3:107–116
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Haworth C., Heathcote J. G. 1969; An improved technique for the analysis of amino acids and related compounds on thin layers of cellulose. Journal of Chromatography 41:380–385
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hershey J. W. B., Monro R. E. 1966; A competitive inhibitor of the GTP reaction in protein synthesis. Journal of Molecular Biology 18:68–76
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hollomon D. W. 1969; Biochemistry of germination in Peronospora tabacina (Adam) conidia: Evidence for the existence of stable messenger RNA. Journal of General Microbiology 55:267–274
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Holloman D. W. 1970; Ribonucleic acid synthesis during fungal spore germination. Journal of General Microbiology 62:75–87
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kennell D. 1967; Use of filters to separate radioactivity in RNA, DNA and protein. In Methods in Enzymology vol xii pp 686–693 Edited by Grossman L., Moldave K. London and New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Krivanek J., Krivanek R. C. 1959; Chromatographic analysis of amino acids in the developing slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum Raper. Biological Bulletin 116:265–271
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Maheshwari R., Sussman A. S. 1970; Respiratory changes during germination of uredospores of Puccinia graminis f sp tritici . Phytopathology 60:1357–1364
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Maheshwari R., Sussman A. S. 1971; The nature of cold-induced dormancy in uredospores of Puccinia graminis tritici . Plant Physiology 47:289–295
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ono T., Kimura K., Yanagita T. 1966; Sequential synthesis of various molecular species of ribonucleic acids in early phase of conidia germination in Aspergillus oryzae . Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 12:13–26
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Ramakrishnan L., Staples R. C. 1968; Template activity in nucleic acids from germinating bean rust uredospores. Phytopathology 58:886
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Remy P., Engel M., Dirheimer G., Eber J., Ravel M. 1970; Analogues of nucleoside polyphosphates. Journal of Molecular Biology 48:173–176
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Russell G. K., Bonner J. T. 1960; A note on spore germination in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium mucoroides . Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 87:187–191
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Schneider W. C. 1957; Determination of nucleic acids in tissues by pentose analysis. In Methods in Enzymology vol iii pp 680–684 Edited by Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. London and New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Snyder H. M., Ceccarini C. 1966; Interspecific spore inhibition in the cellular slime moulds. Nature, London 209:1152
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Spies J. R., Chambers D. C. 1949; Chemical determination of tryptophan in protein. Analytical Chemistry 21:1244–1266
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Staples R. C., Syamananda R., Kao V., Block R. J. 1962; Comparative biochemistry of obligately parasitic and saprophytic fungi. Contributions from Boyce Thompson Institute 21:345–362
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Staples R. C., App A. A., McCarthy W. J., Gerosa M. M. 1966; Some properties of ribosomes from uredospores of the bean rust fungus. Contributions from Boyce Thompson Institute 23:159–164
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Stark J. B., Goodban A. E., Owens H. S. 1951; Paper chromatography of organic acids. Analytical Chemistry 23:413–415
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Sussman A. S., Halvorson H. O. 1966 Spores: Their Dormancy and Germination pp 1–6 New York: Harper and Row;
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Udenfriend S. 1957; Assays of aromatic amino acids. In Methods in Enzymology vol iii pp 607–613 Edited by Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. New York and London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Van Etten J. L. 1969; Protein synthesis during fungal germination. Phytopathology 59:1060–1064
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Veeger C., DerVartanian D. V., Zeylemaker W. P. 1969; Succinate dehydrogenase. In Methods in Enzymology vol xiii pp 81–90 Edited by Lowenstein J. M. London and New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Williams P. G., Allen P. J. 1967; Endogenous respiration of wheat stem rust uredospores. Phytopathology 57:656–661
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Wright B. 1963; Endogenous activity and sporulation in slime molds. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 102:740–754
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-2-331
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-2-331
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error