1887

Abstract

Summary: A difference in relative motility between virulent and avirulent was a possible factor in the shift from virulent to avirulent populations in still broth cultures. Virulent isolates grown on solid media or in tryptone yeast-extract glucose or glycerol broth for 24 to 48 h were mainly non-flagellated or non-motile, whereas avirulent isolates grown under the same conditions were usually flagellated and highly motile. Fimbriae were observed in electron photomicrographs of both types. A rapid preferential increase of avirulent bacteria occurred when mixtures were grown in still, but not in shaken, broth cultures; this relative increase was greatest close to the surface of the medium. Rapid aerotaxis of avirulent bacteria was demonstrated in mixtures of virulent and avirulent bacteria in a semisolid motility agar medium. Positive aerotaxis and high motility apparently favoured rapid increase of avirulent when oxygen became limiting in broth media, in which virulent bacteria were not actively motile.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-1-177
1973-05-01
2024-12-14
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/76/1/mic-76-1-177.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-1-177&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Adler J. 1966a; Chemotaxis in bacteria. Science, New York 152:708–716
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Adler J. 1966b; Effect of amino acids and oxygen on chemotaxis in Escherichia coli . Journal of Bacteriology 92:121–129
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Adler J. 1969; Chemoreceptors in bacteria. Science, New York 166:1588–1597
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Adler J., Dahl M. M. 1967; A method of measuring the motility of bacteria and for comparing random and non-random motility. Journal of General Microbiology 46:161–173
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Adler J., Templeton B. 1967; The effect of environmental conditions on the motility of Escherichia coli . Journal of General Microbiology 46:175–183
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Averre C. W. III, Kelman A. 1964; Severity of bacterial wilt as influenced by the ratio of virulent to avirulent cells of Pseudomonas solanacearum in inoculum. Phytopathology 54:779–783
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Baracchini O., Sherris J. C. 1959; The chemotaxic effect of oxygen on bacteria. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 77:565–574
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Braun W. 1965 Bacterial Genetics, 2nd edn. p 380 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: W. B. Saunders;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Buddenhagen I., Kelman A. 1964; Biological and physiological aspects of bacterial wilt caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum . Annual Review of Phytopathology 2:202–230
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Carlson F. D. 1962; A theory of the survival value of motility. In Spermatozoon Motility Edited by Bishop D. W. Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science Publication 72;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Dobrogosz W. J., Hamilton P. B. 1971; The role of cyclic AMP in chemotaxis in Escherichia coli . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 42:202–207
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Doetsch R. N., Hageage G. J. 1968; Motility in procaryotic organisms: problems, points of view and perspective. Biological Reviews 43:317–362
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Fuerst J. A., Hayward A. C. 1969; Surface appendages similar to fimbriae (pili) on Pseudomonas species. Journal of General Microbiology 58:227–237
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hayward A. C. 1964; Characteristics of Pseudomonas solanacearum . Journal of Applied Bacteriology 27:265–277
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hodgkiss W. 1964; The flagella of Pseudomonas solanacearum . Journal of Applied Bacteriology 27:278–280
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Husain A., Kelman A. 1958; Relation of slime production to mechanism of wilting and pathogenicity of Pseudomonas solanacearum . Phytopathology 48:155–165
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Iino T. 1969; Genetics and chemistry of bacterial flagella. Bacteriological Reviews 33:454–475
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Iino T., Mitani M. 1967; A mutant of Salmonella possessing straight flagella. Journal of General Microbiology 49:81–88
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kelman A. 1953; The bacterial wilt caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum: a literature review and bibliography. North Carolina Agricultural Experimental Station Bulletin 99: pp 194
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kelman A. 1954; The relationship of pathogenicity of Pseudomonas solanacearum to colony appearance in a tetrazolium medium. Phytopathology 44:693–695
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kelman A. 1956; Factors influencing viability and variation in cultures of Pseudomonas solanacearum (Abstr.). Phytopathology 46:16–17
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Kelman A., Hruschka J. 1970; Relationship between motility and loss in virulence in Pseudomonas solanacearum (Abstr.). Phytopathology 60:1298
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kelman A., Hruschka J. 1972; Differences in motility between virulent and avirulent cells of Pseudomonas solanacearum . Proceedings Third International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria pp 313–315 Edited by Mass H. P. Geesteranus. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation;
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Kelman A., Person L. H. 1961; Strains of Pseudomonas solanacearum differing in pathogenicity to tobacco and peanut. Phytopathology 51:158–161
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Kerridge D. 1961; The effect of environment on the formation of bacterial flagella. Symposium of the Society for General Microbiology 11:41–68
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Lozano C., Sequeira L. 1970; Differentiation of races of Pseudomonas solanacearum by a leaf infiltration technique. Phytopathology 60:833–838
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Old D. C., Duguid J. P. 1970; Selective outgrowth of fimbriate bacteria in static liquid medium. Journal of Bacteriology 103:447–456
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Old D. C., Duguid J. P. 1971; Selection of fimbriate transductants of Salmonella typhimurium dependent on motility. Journal of Bacteriology 107:655–658
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Sherris J. C., Preston N. W., Shoesmith J. C. 1957; The influence of oxygen and arginine on the motility of a strain of Pseudomonas sp. Journal of General Microbiology 16:86–96
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Smith J. L., Doetsch R. N. 1969; Studies on negative chemotaxis and the survival value of motility in Pseudomonas fiuorescens . Journal of General Microbiology 55:379–391
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Vaituzis Z., Doetsch R. N. 1969; Motility tracks: technique for quantitative study of bacterial movement. Journal of Applied Microbiology 17:584–588
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Winstead N. N., Kelman A. 1952; Inoculation techniques for evaluating resistance to Pseudomonas solanacearum . Phytopathology 42:628–634
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Yakota T., Gots J. S. 1970; Requirement of cyclic adenosine phosphate for flagella formation in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium . Journal of Bacteriology 103:513–516
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-1-177
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-76-1-177
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error