1887

Microbiology Society logo

Volume 63, Issue 3

Molar Growth Yields and Fermentation Balances of L3 in Batch Cultures and in Continuous Cultures Free

Abstract

SUMMARY: Fermentation balances determined for different substrates in batch and continuous cultures of revealed two pathways of pyruvate conversion by this organism, a reduction to lactate and the phosphoroclastic cleavage. Pyruvate formed anaerobically from mannitol and citrate was split by the phosphoroclastic enzyme. Lactate was the main fermentation product formed during aerobic growth on mannitol and anaerobic and aerobic growth on glucose. In glucose-limited continuous cultures pyruvate conversion was dependent on the dilution rate. At low dilution rates glucose was fermented exclusively to acetate, ethanol and formate. At high rates only small amounts of acetate, ethanol and formate were formed and lactate production was maximal. Lactate dehydrogenase of L. had an absolute requirement for fructose-1,6-diphosphate and manganous ions. The specific activity of lactate dehydrogenase did not differ significantly at different dilution rates. It was concluded that the intracellular level of fructose-1,6-diphosphate controlled the pathway of pyruvate conversion. In batch cultures values were between 18·2 and 20·9. No evidence for oxidative phosphorylation was found. In continuous cultures values varied from 18·7 at low dilution rates to 23·5 at high dilution rates. From the dependence of on the dilution rate, a maintenance coefficient of 1·52 × 10 was calculated. The value corrected for energy of maintenance was 24·3. The possibility that the molar growth yields were erroneously high because of assimilation of growth substrate into intracellular polysaccharides, or because of energy yield from components of the medium other than the added energy source, was excluded.

  • Received:
  • Published Online:
© Society for General Microbiology 1970
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-3-333
1970-11-01
2024-04-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/63/3/mic-63-3-333.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-3-333&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barker S. B., Summerson W. H. 1941; The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. Journal of Biological Chemistry 138:535–554
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bauchop T., Elsden S. R. 1960; The growth of micro-organisms in relation to their energy supply. Journal of General Microbiology 23:457–469
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Brown J. P., VanDemark P. J. 1968; Respiration of Lactobacillus casei . Canadian Journal of Microbiology 14:829–835
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Forrest W. W. 1969; Energetic aspects of microbial growth. Symposia of the Society for General Microbiology 19:65–86
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Friedemann T. E., Haugen G. E. 1943; Pyruvic acid. II. The determination of keto acids in blood and urine. Journal of Biological Chemistry 147:415–442
     [Google Scholar]
  6. De Groot G. N., Stouthamer A. H. 1970; Regulation of reductase formation in Proteus mira-bilis. II. Influence of growth with azide and of haem deficiency on nitrate reductase formation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 208:414–427
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Gunsalus I. C., Shuster C. W. 1961; Energy-yielding metabolism in bacteria. In The Bacteria 2 Metabolism pp 1–58 Gunsalus I. C., Stanier R. Y. Edited by New York and London: Academic Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Van Den Hamer C.J.A. 1960 De koolhydraat-stofwisseling van melkzuurbacterién Thesis University of Utrecht, The Netherlands:
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Hempfling W. P., Mainzer S. E., VanDemark P. J. 1969; Invariance of F(Adenosine triphosphate) of Streptococcus faecalis 10 cl during anaerobic continuous culture. Bacteriological Proceedings p. 172
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Hobson P. N., Summers R. 1967; The continuous culture of anaerobic bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 47:53–65
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Itagaki E., Suzuki S. 1964; Microdetermination of formic acid in periodate oxidation mixtures. Journal of Biochemistry, Tokyo 56:77–80
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Lipmann F., Tuttle L. C. 1945; A specific micromethod for the determination of acyl-phosphates. Journal of Biological Chemistry 159:21–28
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Lindmark D. G., Paolella P., Wood N. P. 1969; The pyruvate formate-lyase system of Streptococcus faecalis . Journal of Biological Chemistry 244:3605–3612
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Von Meyenburg H. K. 1969; Energetics of the budding cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during glucose-limited aerobic growth. Archiv für Mikrobiologie 66:289–303
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Moustafa H. M., Collins E. B. 1968; Molar growth yields of certain lactic acid bacteria as influenced by autolysis. Journal of Bacteriology 96:117–125
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Nicholas D.J.D., Nason A. 1957; Determination of nitrate and nitrite. In Methods of Enzy-mology 3 pp 981–984 Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. Edited by New York and London: Academic Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Pirt S. J. 1965; The maintenance energy of bacteria in growing cultures. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 163:224–231
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Rose I. A., Grunberg-Manago M., Korey S. R., Ochoa S. 1954; Enzymatic phosphorylation of acetate. Journal of Biological Chemistry 211:737–756
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Rosenberger R. F., Elsden S. R. 1960; The yields of Streptococcus faecalis grown in continuous culture. Journal of General Microbiology 22:726–739
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Senez J. C., Belaïch J. P. 1965; Etude microcalorimétrique de la croissance bactdrienne et du contrôle de l’activité métabolique par le phosphate. In Régulation chez les Micro-organismes pp 357–363 Paris: Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique;
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Smalley A. J., Jahrling P., VanDemark P. J. 1968; Molar growth yields as evidence for oxidative phosphorylation in Streptococcus faecalis strain 10 cl. Journal of Bacteriology 96:1595–1600
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Stouthamer A. H. 1969; Determination and significance of molar growth yields. . In Methods in Microbiology I pp 629–663 Norris J. R., Ribbons D. W. Edited by New York and London: Academic Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Trevelyan W. E., Harrison J. S. 1952; Studies on yeast metabolism. I. Fractionating and microdetermination of cell carbohydrates. Biochemical Journal 50:298–303
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Van’T Riet J., Stouthamer A. H., Planta R. J. 1968; Regulation of nitrate assimilation and nitrate respiration in Aerobacter aerogenes . Journal of Bacteriology 96:1455–1464
     [Google Scholar]
  26. De Vries W., Gerbrandy SJ. J., Stouthamer A. H. 1967; Carbohydrate metabolism in Bifidobacterium bifidum . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 136:415–425
     [Google Scholar]
  27. De Vries W., Stouthamer A. H. 1968; Fermentation of glucose, lactose, galactose, mannitol and xylose by bifidobacteria. Journal of Bacteriology 96:472–478
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Westerfeld W. W. 1952; Colorimetric determination of acetoin plus diacetyl. In Analytical Methods for Bacterial Fermentations p. 39 Neish A. C. Edited by Saskatoon, Saskatchewan: National Research Council of Canada;
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Wolin M. J. 1964; Fructose-1,6-diphosphate requirement of streptococcal lactic dehydrogenases. Science; New York: 146:775–777
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Zevenhuizen L.P.T.M. 1966 Intracellular Polysaccharide of Arthrobacter Thesis University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands:
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-3-333
Loading
Molar Growth Yields and Fermentation Balances of Lactobacillus casei L3 in Batch Cultures and in Continuous Cultures
Microbiology 63, 333 (1970); https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-63-3-333
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-3-333
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-3-333
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error