@article{mbs:/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-2-211, author = "Stainer, D. W. and Scholte, M. J.", title = "A Simple Chemically Defined Medium for the Production of Phase I Bordetella pertussis", journal= "Microbiology", year = "1970", volume = "63", number = "2", pages = "211-220", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-63-2-211", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-63-2-211", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2080", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "SUMMARY: A simple, chemically defined medium is described consisting of sodium glutamate, proline, cystine, salts, and growth factors, which is suitable for the large-scale production of phase I Bordetella pertussis. More than 30 × 109 organisms/ml. were produced in 48 to 72 h. growth in shake flasks and fer- mentors. The cultures were detoxified by the addition of 0·14 % formalin to yield vaccines which were non-toxic to mice and guinea pigs and had good mouse-protective antigen levels. The antigenic stability was satisfactory after storage of the final vaccines at elevated temperatures.", }