1887

Abstract

Summary: Two strains of , an important cellulose-decomposing bacterium, were isolated, one from the rumen of a sheep, the other from the rumen of a cow. Pure cultures were obtained by using the dilution method in agar media containing a strip of filter-paper. These strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive streptococci attack cellulose and cellobiose, but not starch, maltose, lactose or xylose. Only one strain could use glucose. Colonies on cellulose media were characterized by the formation of a yellow pigment; in cellobiose media the colonies were white. Growth on cellulose was favoured by addition of or a certain amount of sterilized medium in which had previously grown.

Estimations of the end-products of fermentation of cellulose and cellobiose showed that at least 25% of the carbon could be recovered as succinic acid, . 23% as acetic acid and . 10% as formic acid; ethanol was absent and gas formation very limited. A description of the genus and the species is given.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-5-5-869
1951-12-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/5/5/mic-5-5-869.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-5-5-869&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Conway E.J. 1947 Microdiffusion Analysis and volumetric Error, 2nd ed.. London: Crosby Lockwood;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Elsden S.R. 1945; The fermentation of carbohydrates in the rumen of the sheep. J. exp. Biol. 22:51
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Elsden S.R. 1946; The application of the silica gel partition chromatogram to the estimation of volatile fatty acids. Biochem. J. 40:252
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Elsden S.R., Phillipson A.T. 1948; Ruminant digestion. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 17:705
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Elsden S.R., Sijpesteijn A.Kaars. 1950; The decarboxylation of succinic acid by washed suspensions of rumen bacteria. J. gen. Microb. 4:xi
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Enebo L. 1949; On the formation of reducing sugars in thermophilic cellulose fermentation. Acta chem. scand. 3:975
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Friedemann T.E. 1938; The identification and quantitative determination of volatile alcohols and acids. J. boi. Chem. 123:161
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fuller W.H., Norman A.G. 1942; A cellulose-dextrin medium for identifying cellulose organisms in soil. Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 7:243
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hassid W.Z. 1937; Determination of sugars in plants. By oxidation with ferricyanide and ceric sulphate titration. Industr. Engng Chem. Anal, ed. 9:228
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hungate R.E. 1947; Studies on cellulose fermentation. III. The culture and isolation of cellulose-decomposing bacteria from the rumen of cattle. J. Bact. 53:631
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hungate R.E. 1950; The anaerobic mesophilic cellulolytic bacteria. Bact. Rev. 14:1
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Johns A.T. 1949; Mechanism of propionic acid formation in bacterial fermentation. Nature; Lond.: 164620
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kluyver A.J., Niel C.B.Van. 1936; Prospects for a natural system of classification of bacteria. Zbl. Bakt. 2. Abt. 94:369
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Krebs H.A. 1937; The role of fumarate in the respiration of Bacterium coli commune. . Biochem. J. 31:2095
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Mcbee R.H. 1948; The culture and physiology of a thermophilic cellulose- fermenting bacterium. J. Bact. 56:653
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Mcbee R.H. 1950; The anaerobic thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria. Bact. Rev. 14:51
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Marston H.R. 1948; The fermentation of cellulose in vitro by organisms from the rumen of sheep. Biochem. J. 42:564
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Scales F.M. 1916; A new method of precipitating cellulose for cellulose agar. Zbl. Bakt. 2. Abt. 44:661
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Sijpesteijn A.Kaars. 1948 Cellulose-decomposing bacteria from the rumen of cattle. Thesis. Leiden University.: With a summary in Antonie van Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol. Serol. 15:49 1949
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Stanier R.Y. 1942; The cultivation and nutrient requirements of a chytridiaceous fungus, Rhizophlyctis rosea. . J. Bact. 43:499
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-5-5-869
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-5-5-869
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error