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The extracellular production of ‘free endotoxin’ from Escherichia coli sero-type O78K80 is discussed. Isolation of purified toxic and non-toxic fractions from crude extracellular material and the physico-chemical properties of these fractions are described. Purified free endotoxin possessed similar properties to endotoxins extracted from the bacteria by conventional procedures; a purified non-toxic extracellular fraction corresponded to the so-called ‘native hapten’. When dissolved in buffers containing sodium dodecylsulphate, the non-toxic fraction was not disaggregated, but the endotoxin produced sub-units of a smaller particle size than the non-toxic material. From these experiments it was concluded that the non-toxic material did not constitute simple sub-units of endotoxin.
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