1887

Abstract

Twenty-five strains of ruminococci were isolated from seven sheep fed chaffed lucerne hay, or mixtures of cereal chaff and lucerne chaff, for 18 months. Antiserum to each strain was produced in rabbits and used to classify the strains by cross-agglutination. Two main groups and a subgroup were identified which served to characterize half (12 of 25) of the strains isolated. Group 1 (7 strains) and the subgroup (2 strains) were all classified as Group 2 comprised 3 strains of An indirect fluorescent-antibody technique was also used to show antigenic relationships amongst the isolates. Fluorescence cross-reactions were obtained among 13 strains of using group 1 antisera. Similarly a group 2 antiserum labelled 7 of the 12 strains of isolated. The persistence of these serotypes in the rumen was demonstrated by the isolation of cross-agglutinating strains of from one animal at intervals throughout the experimental period. Recovery of cross-agglutinating strains of and from more than one animal suggests that a given serotype becomes disseminated among animals which are housed together. Furthermore, the isolation of group 1 and group 2 ruminococci from the same sheep indicates that the group-specific determinants were not dependent on the rumen environment for expression. It is concluded that selection was rigorous enough to maintain recognizably different genetic strains in the rumen against mutation pressure.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-47-2-309
1967-05-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/47/2/mic-47-2-309.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-47-2-309&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Barrie J. U., Cooper G. N. 1964; Enhancement of the primary antibody response to particulate antigens by simple lipids. J. Immunol 92:529
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Briggs C. 1951; The nutritive value of colostrum for the calf. 6. The ‘K’ antigens of Bacterium coli. Br J. Nutr 5:349
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bryant M. P. 1963; Symposium on microbial digestion in ruminants: identification of groups of anaerobic bacteria active in the rumen. J. anim. Sci 22:801
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Cherry W. B., Goldman M., Carski T. R. 1960; Fluorescent antibody techniques in the diagnosis of communicable diseases. Public Health Service Publication no 729 U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington;
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cummins C. S. 1954; Some observations on the nature of the antigens in the cell wall of Coryne-bacterium diphtheriae . Br. J. exp. Path 35:166
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cummins C. S. 1962; Immunochemical specificity and the location of antigens in the bacterial cell. Symp. Soc. gen. Microbiol 12:212
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eadie J. M. 1962; The development of rumen microbial populations in lambs and calves under various conditions of management. J. gen. Microbiol 29:563
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Emslie-Smith A. H. 1961; Observations on the secular succession of types of E. coli and related organisms in the faecal flora of an adult human subject. J. appl. Bact 24:viii
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Freund J. 1947; Some aspects of active immunization. A. Rev. Microbiol 1:291
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hobson P. N., Mann S. O., Oxford A. E. 1958; Some studies on the occurrence and properties of a large Gram-negative coccus from the rumen. J. gen. Microbiol 19:462
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hobson P. N., Mann S. O., Smith W. 1962; Serological tests of a relationship between rumen selenomonads in vitro and in vivo . J. gen. Microbiol 29:265
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hungate R. E. 1957; Microorganisms in the rumen of cattle fed a constant ration. Can. J. Microbiol 3:289
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Jarvis B. D. W., Annison E. F. 1967; Isolation, classification and nutritional requirements of cellulolytic cocci in the sheep rumen. J. gen. Microbiol 47:295
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kabat E. A., Mayer M. M. 1961 Experimental Immunochemistry, 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois, U.S.A.: C. C. Thomas;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Karakawa W. W., Krause R. M., Borman E. K. 1965; Immunochemical aspects of the crossreactivity between groups A and C streptococci as detected by the fluorescent antibody technique. J. Immunol 94:282
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kay R. N. B., Hobson P. N. 1963; Reviews of the progress of dairy science. Sect. A, pts. 1 and 2. J. Dairy Res 30:261
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Margherita S. S., Hungate R. E. 1963; Serological analysis of Butyrivibrio from the bovine rumen. J. Bact 86:855
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Margherita S. S., Hungate R. E., Storz H. 1964; Variation in rumen Butyrivibrio strains. J. Bact 87:1304
    [Google Scholar]
  19. McCarty M. 1956; Variation in the group-specific carbohydrate of group A streptococci. II. Studies on the chemical basis for serological specificity of the carbohydrates J. exp. Med 104:629
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Medrek T. F., Barnes E. M. 1962a; The distribution of group D streptococci in cattle and sheep. J. appl. Bact 25:159
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Medrek T. F., Barnes E. M. 1962b; The physiological and serological properties of Streptococcus bovis and related organisms isolated from cattle and sheep. J. appl. Bact 25:169
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Moody M. D., Ellis E. C., Updyke E. 1958; Staining bacterial smears with fluorescent antibody. IV. Grouping streptocci with fluorescent antibody J. Bact 75:553
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Perry K. D., Newland L. G. M., Briggs C. A. E. 1958; Group-D rumen streptococci with type antigens of group N. J. Path. Bact 76:589
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Perry K. D., Wilson M. K., Newland L. G. M., Briggs C. A. E. 1955; The normal flora of the bovine rumen. III. Quantitative and qualitative studies of rumen streptococci J. appl. Bact 18:436
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Peters H. 1963; Construction and use of a small Sephadex column for the separation of fluorescent antibodies. Stain Technol 38:260
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Sijpesteijn A. K. 1948 Cellulose-decomposing bacteria from the rumen of cattle Ph.D. thesis, University of Leiden
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-47-2-309
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-47-2-309
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error