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SUMMARY: The cell walls from Rhizobium trifolii, grown under both ‘normal’ and ‘calcium-deprived’ conditions, were analysed in an attempt to detect a chemical cause for the apparent weakness or looseness of the walls in calcium-deprived organisms. The organic components typical of Gram-negative cell walls were present in normal and calcium-deprived cells. The latter concentrated most of the small amount of available calcium in the walls, which, however, contained only 60% of that present in the walls of normal organisms. Magnesium was not able to substitute for calcium as a wall component.
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