1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: A strain of grew on a glucose + ammonium + salts medium (pH 7) when this was supplemented with biotin (10 ). Maximal and most rapid growth was obtained by aerobic incubation in shaken culture at 30°. A variety of sugars, sugar alcohols, dicarboxylic acids, some amino acids and miscellaneous compounds could replace the glucose in this medium, but various aromatic compounds, purines, pyrimidines and other amino acids did not support growth, though several of these substances were oxidized by washed suspensions. The organism was an obligate aerobe whose terminal electron transport was mediated by a cytochrome system. Enzymic analysis showed that glucose could be metabolized by the hexose monophosphate oxidation and Embden-Meyerhof pathways. No direct oxidation of glucose to gluconic and 2-oxogluconic acids, and no Entner-Dou- doroff pathway for the utilization of 6-phosphogluconate were demonstrable. Studies with differently [C]-labelled samples of glucose confirmed these findings and showed that in suspensions of organisms depleted of endogenous metabolites, the Embden-Meyerhof pathway was fully functional, accounting for . 65 of glucose utilization, the remaining 35 % proceeding by way of the hexose monophosphate cycle. The pyruvate so formed was normally further oxidized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The growth yield of on limiting amounts of glucose was no greater than that of under the same condition. These observations are considered in relation to the allocation of in the autochthonous group of soil micro-organisms.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-22-2-564
1960-04-01
2024-10-12
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/22/2/mic-22-2-564.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-22-2-564&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Adams E. 1954; The enzymatic synthesis of histidine from histidinol. J. biol. Chem 209:829
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Berenblum I., Chain E. 1938; XL. An improved method for the colorimetric determination of phosphate. Biochem. J 32:295
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Conn H. J. 1928; Certain abundant non-spore-forming bacteria in soil. Zbl. Bakt. (2. Abt.) 76:65
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Conn H. J. 1948; The most abundant groups of bacteria in soil. Bact. Rev 12:257
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Conn H. J., Darrow M. A. 1934; An extremely economical sugar fermentation. J. Bact 27:51
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Conn H. J., Darrow M. A. 1935; Characteristics of certain bacteria belonging to the autochthonous microflora of soil. Soil Science 39:95
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Conn H. J., Dimmick I. 1947; Soil bacteria similar in morphology to Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium. J. Bact 54:291
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Dagley S., Fewster M. E., Happold F. C. 1952; The bacterial oxidation of phenylacetic acid. J. Bact 63:327
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Dawes E. A., Holms W. H. 1958a; Metabolism of Sarcina lutea.I. Carbohydrate oxidation and terminal respiration. J. Bact 75:390
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Dawes E. A., Holms W. H. 1958b; Metabolism of Sarcina lutea. II. Isotopic evaluation of the routes of glucose utilization. Biochim. biophys. Acta 29:82
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Dawes E. A., Holms W. H. 1959; On the quantitative evaluation of routes of glucose metabolism by the use of radioactive glucose. Biochim. biophys. Acta 34:551
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Dische Z. 1953; Qualitative and quantitative colorimetric determination of heptoses. J. biol. Chem 204:983
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Dixon M. 1955; Lactic dehydrogenase from yeast. In Methods in Enzymology 1444 Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. Ed New York: Academic Press Inc;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Dubos R., Miller B. F. 1937; The production of bacterial enzymes capable of decomposing creatinine. J. biol. Chem 121:429
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Francis G. E., Mulligan W., Wormall A. 1954 Isotopic Tracers p. 296 London: The University of London, Athlone Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Friedemann T. E., Haugen G. E. 1943; Pyruvic acid. II. The determination of keto acids in blood and urine. J. biol. Chem 147:415
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Ghiretti F., Barron E. S. G. 1954; The pathway of glucose oxidation in Corynebacterium creatinovorans . Biochim. biophys. Acta 15:445
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Goodwin T. W., Williams G. R. 1952; Studies in vitamin A. 18. The effect of vitamin A deficiency on the pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate levels of rat blood. Biochem. J 51:708
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hill R. L., Mills R. C. 1954; The anaerobic glucose metabolism of Bacterium tularense . Arch. Biochem. Biophys 53:174
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Krebs H. A. 1938; Micro-determination of α-ketoglutaric acid. Biochem. J 32:108
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Krebs H. A., Eggleston L. V. 1939; Bacterial urea formation (metabolism of Corynebacterium ureafaciens). Enzymologia 7:310
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lascelles J. 1956; The synthesis of porphyrins and bacteriochlorophyll by cell suspensions of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides . Biochem. J 62:78
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. biol. Chem 193:265
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Morris J. G., Woods D. D. 1959; Inter-relationships of serine, glycine and vitamin B6 in the growth of mutants of Escherichia coli . J. gen. Microbiol 20:576
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Nelson N. 1944; A photometric adaptation of the Somogyi method for the determination of glucose. J. biol. Chem 153:375
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Neuberg C., Lustig H., Rothenberg M. A. 1944; Fructose-1:6-diphosphoric acid and fructose-6-monophosphoric acid. Arch. Biochem 3:33
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Russell J. A. 1944; The colorimetric estimation of small amounts of ammonia by the phenol-hypochlorite reaction. J. biol. Chem 156:457
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Sacks L. E. 1954; Observations on the morphogenesis of Arthrobacter citreus, spec.nov. J. Bact 67:342
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Sakami W. 1955 Handbook of Isotope Tracer Methods p. 6 Cleveland: Western Reserve University;
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Sguros P. L. 1955; Microbial transformation of the tobacco alkaloids. I. Cultural and morphological characteristics of a nicotinophile. J. Bact 69:28
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Snell E. E., Rannefeld A. N. 1945; The vitamin B6 group. III. The vitamin activity of pyridoxal and pyridoxamine for various organisms. J. biol. Chem 157:475
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Sundman V. 1958; Morphological comparison of some Arthrobacter species. Canad. J. Microbiol 4:221
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Taylor C. B. 1938; Further studies of Bacterium globiforme and the incidence of this type of organism in Canadian soils. Soil Sci 46:307
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Taylor C. B., Lochhead A. G. 1937; A study of Bacterium globiforme Conn in soils differing in fertility. Canad. J. Res C 15:340
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Taylor J. F. 1955; Aldolase from muscle. In Methods in Enzymology 1 p. 310 Colowick S. P., Kaplan N. O. Ed New York: Academic Press Inc;
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Wang C. H., Stern I., Gilmour C. M., Klungsoyr S., Reed D. J., Bialy J. J., Christensen B. E., Cheldelin V. H. 1958; Comparative study of glucose catabolism by the radiorespirometric method. J. Bact 76:207
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Winogradsky S. 1925; Études sur la microbiologie du sol. I. Sur la méthode. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 39:299
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Wood W. A. 1955; Pathways of carbohydrate degradation in Pseudomonas fluorescens . Bact. Rev 19:222
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Wood W. A., Schwerdt R. F. 1953; Carbohydrate oxidation by Pseudomonas fluorescens. I. The mechanism of glucose and gluconate oxidation. J. biol. Chem 201:501
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Wood W. A., Schwerdt R. F. 1954; Carbohydrate oxidation by Pseudomonas fluorescens. II. Mechanism of hexose phosphate oxidation. J. biol. Chem 206:625
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-22-2-564
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-22-2-564
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error