1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: The sporulation of 51 strains of was examined in shaken cultures in potato extract and in Grelet’s defined medium. Some abnormal strains are described in which the spores germinate within the sporangia or very soon after their liberation. The spores of could be completely freed from vegetative cell remnants by treatment with lysozyme followed by thorough washing. Rabbit anti-sera produced with these treated spores did not cross-react with the vegetative organisms. On the basis of their agglutination reactions the spores of 36 strains of were divided into 5 types.

A capsule-like exosporium was detected in wet Indian ink preparations on lysozyme-treated spores of more than half of the 36 strains. The exosporium was rendered visible in the phase-contrast microscope only after the addition of homologous spore antiserum. The exosporium of consists of a capsule-like slimy substance which does not derive from the sporangium but which is probably produced during spore formation. The specific exosporium and spore coat reactions are described.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-21-3-666
1959-12-01
2024-10-10
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/21/3/mic-21-3-666.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-21-3-666&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. De Bary A. 1885 Vorlesungen icber Bacterien Leipzig: Verlag Wilhelm Engel- mann;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Baumann-Grace J. B., Tomcsik J. 1957a; Lysozym-Empfindlichkeit der Spezies B. megaterium. . Experientia 13:148
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Baumann-Grace J. B., Tomcsik J. 1957b; The surface structure and serological typing of Bacillus megaterium. . J. gen. Microbiol 17:227
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Behring. 1889; Beiträge zur Ätiologie des Milzbrandes. Z. Hyg 6:116
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chapman G. B. 1956; Electronmicroscopy of ultra-thin sections of bacteria II.Sporulation of Bacillus megaterium and Bacilluscereus. . J.Bact 71:348
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Defalle W. 1902; Sur les anticorps des spores. Ann. Inst.Pasteur 16:156
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Dondero N. C., Holbert P. E. 1957; The endospore of Bacillus polymyxa. . J. Bact 74:43
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Flügge C. 1886 Die Mikroorganismen 2 Auflage. Leipzig: Verlag F. C. W.Vogel;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gladstone G. P., Fildes P. 1940; A simple culture medium for general use without meat extract or peptone. Brit. J. exp. Path 21:161
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Grelet N. 1950; Culture d’une souche de Bacillus megatherium en milieu syn- thetique glucosé, sporulation par pénurie de zinc en présence de calcium. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 78:423
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Grelet N. 1951; Le déterminisme de la sporulation de Bacillus megatherium. 1. L’effet de l’puisement de l’aliment carboné en milieu synthétique. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 81:430
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Howie J. W., Cruickshank J. 1940; Bacterial spores as antigens. J. Path. Bact 50:235
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kay D., Fildes P. 1950; The calcium requirements of typhoid bacteriophage. Brit. J. exp. Path 31:338
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Klein L. 1889; Botanische Bakterienstudien. I. Zbl. Bakt 6:313–345377
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Knaysi G. 1948; The endospore of bacteria. Bact. Rev 12:19
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Knaysi G., Hillier J. 1949; Preliminary observations on the germination of the endospore B. megatherium and the structure of the spore coat. J. Bact 57:23
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lamanna C. 1940a; The taxonomy of the genus Bacillus. II. Differentiation of small celled species by means of spore antigens. J. infect. Dis 67:193
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lamanna C. 1940b; The taxonomy of the genus Bacillus. III. Differentiation of the large celled species by means of spore antigens. J. infect. Dis 67:205
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lamanna C. 1942; The status of Bacillus subtilis, including a note on the separation of precipitinogens from bacterial spores. J. Bact 44:611
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Mayall B. H., Robinow C. F. 1957; Observations with the electron microscope on the organisation of the cortex of resting and germinating spores of B. mega- terium. . J. appl. Bact 20:333
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mellon R. R., Anderson L. M. 1919; Immunologic disparities of spore and vegetative stages of B. subtilis. . J. Immunol 4:203
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Powell J. F., Strange R. E. 1956; Biochemical changes occurring during sporulation in Bacillus species. Biochem. J 63:661
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Pulvertaft R. J. V., Haynes J. A. 1951; Adenosine and spore germination: Phase-contrast studies. J. gen. Microbiol 5:657
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Robinow C. F. 1951; Observation on the structure of Bacillus spores. J. gen. Microbiol 5:439
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Robinow C. F. 1953; Spore structure as revealed by thin sections. J. Bact 66:300
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Schreiber O. 1896; Über die physiologischen Bedingungen der endogenen Sporenbildung bei Bacillus anthracis, subtilis und tumescens. . Zbl. Bakt 20:353–429
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Strange R. E., Dark F. A. 1957; Cell-wall lytic enzymes at sporulation and spore germination in Bacillus species. J. gen. Microbiol 17:525
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tomcsik J. 1956a; Bacterial capsules antftheir relation to the cell wall. In Bacterial Anatomy. Symp. Soc. gen. Microbiol 6:41
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tomcsik J. 1956b; Antibodies as indicators for bacterial surface structure. Annu. Rev. Microbiol 10:213
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Tomcsik J., Baumann-Grace J. B. 1958; Sporulation und spezifische Sporan- gium-Reaktion. Schweiz. Z. Path. Bakt 21:914
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Tomcsik J., Guex-Holzer S. 1951; Anthrax-Polypeptid und andere spezies- spezifische Substanzen der Kapsel in der Bazillus Gruppe. Schweiz. Z. Path 14:515
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Tomcsik J., Guex-Holzer S. 1954; A specific cell-wall reaction in Bacillus sp. J. gen. Microbiol 10:317
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-21-3-666
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-21-3-666
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error