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Summary: Washed suspensions of a newly isolated species of thermophilic bacillus were used to investigate the conditions necessary for protein synthesis, and the effect of temperature on the rate of such synthesis. The maximum rate of incorporation of radioactive glycine into the cell protein occurred in the presence of a complete amino acid mixture and an energy source; a mixture of purines and pyrimidines was markedly stimulatory. These conditions were optimal also for the synthesis of catalase and of the maltozymase enzyme-complex, and were effective in preventing the loss of β-galactosidase and catalase activities which occurred when the cells were suspended in buffer at 55°. The synthesis of these enzymes and the incorporation of glycine showed a temperature optimum approximating to that for growth.
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