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Abstract
SUMMARY: The optimal conditions for accurate and reproducible analysis of cellulose hydrolysis by micro-organisms, particularly from the rumen, were determined. Rumen micro-organisms were found to require approximately 50 mg. substrate (cellulose powder) in a 40 hr. incubation at 37° with 1 ml. of rumen liquor, and a total volume of 8 ml., in static vessels. All types of cellulose Or simpler substituted derivatives, from soluble carboxymethylcellulose through insoluble cellulose powder to cotton fibres, are nearly quantitatively hydrolysed by mixed rumen micro-organisms. The effect of the inorganic composition of the medium, of antibacterial agents (thymol, fluoride, toluene) and of concentration procedures on the cellulolytic activity of rumen micro-organisms was examined. Rumen protozoa appear to play a minor role in cellulose degradation; their effective activity is due mainly to closely associated, possibly ingested, bacteria. The validity of the results obtained by various methods of ‘cellulase ’ assay is discussed.
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