The Mig protein of Streptococcus dysgalactiae is a type III immunoglobulin G (IgG)-binding protein, expressing IgG- and α2-macroglobulin (α2-M)-binding receptors. This study showed that the Mig protein also displays binding activities to bovine immunoglobulin A (B-IgA). Biotin-labelled bovine serum IgA bound immobilized recombinant Mig and α2-M receptors derived from Mig, as well as the native Mig extracted from the surface of S. dysgalactiae strain SDG8 and the α2-M receptor released from the isogenic mig mutant strain Mig8-Mt, as determined by Western blotting and ELISA. There was no B-IgA binding activity to the immobilized IgG receptor derived from Mig or the proteins in the culture supernatant from the mig mutant strain Mig7-Mt, in which expression of Mig or Mig-related peptides on the cell surface was completely abolished. In a reciprocal experiment, biotin-labelled Mig was found to bind immobilized bovine serum IgA but not human IgA (H-IgA). The binding of Mig to bovine serum IgA was competitively inhibited by unlabelled Mig, intact and truncated α2-M receptors, and bovine serum IgA, but not by the Mig-IgG receptor, H-IgA or B-IgG. The binding of Mig and partially purified bovine secretory IgA (B-sIgA) was also characterized by Western blotting. Membrane-immobilized B-sIgA did not react with the biotin-labelled Mig, whereas soluble B-sIgA showed binding activity to the immobilized α2-M receptor of Mig. It is therefore concluded that the 11 kDa N-terminal region of the α2-M receptor of the S. dysgalactiae Mig protein specifically binds soluble and immobilized bovine serum IgA, as well as soluble B-sIgA. This is believed to be the first report of a B-IgA-binding protein in S. dysgalactiae.
CalvinhoL. F.,
OliverS. P.
1998; Characterization of mechanisms involved in uptake of Streptococcus dysgalactiae by bovine mammary epithelial cells. Vet Microbiol 63:261–274[CrossRef]
CalvinhoL. F.,
AlmeidaR. A.,
OliverS. P.
1998; Potential virulence factors of Streptococcus dysgalactiae associated with bovine mastitis. Vet Microbiol 61:93–110[CrossRef]
CleatP. H.,
TimmisK. N.
1987; Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the Ibc protein genes of group B streptococci: binding of human immunoglobulin A to the beta antigen. Infect Immun 55:1151–1155
FaganP. K.,
ReinscheidD.,
GottschalkB.,
ChhatwalG. S.
2001; Identification and characterization of a novel secreted immunoglobulin binding protein from group A streptococcus. Infect Immun 69:4851–4857[CrossRef]
FluckigerU.,
JonesK. F.,
FischettiV. A.
1998; Immunoglobulins to group A streptococcal surface molecules decrease adherence to and invasion of human pharyngeal cells. Infect Immun 66:974–979
HammerschmidtS.,
TalayS. R.,
BrandtzaegP.,
ChhatwalG. S.
1997; SpsA, a novel pneumococcal surface protein with specific binding to secretory immunoglobulin A and secretory component. Mol Microbiol 25:1113–1124[CrossRef]
HammerschmidtS.,
TilligM. P.,
WolffS.,
VaermanJ. P.,
ChhatwalG. S.
2000; Species-specific binding of human secretory component to SpsA protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae via a hexapeptide motif. Mol Microbiol 36:726–736
HedénL.-O.,
FrithzE.,
LindahlG.
1991; Molecular characterization of an IgA receptor from group B streptococci: sequence of the gene, identification of a proline-rich region with unique structure and isolation of N-terminal fragments with IgA-binding capacity. Eur J Immunol 21:1481–1490[CrossRef]
International Dairy Federation2000; IDF Position Paper on ruminant mammary gland immunity. In Symposium on Immunology of Ruminant Mammary Gland pp 1–91 Edited by
ZecconiA.,
SmithK. L.
Stressa:
JerlströmP. G.,
TalayS. R.,
Valentin-WeigandP.,
TimmisK. N.,
ChhatwalG. S.
1996; Identification of an immunoglobulin A binding motif located in the β-antigen of the c protein complex of group B streptococci. Infect Immun 64:2787–2793
JonssonH.,
MüllerH.-P.
1994; The type-III Fc receptor from Streptococcus dysgalactiae is also an α2-macroglobulin receptor. Eur J Biochem 220:819–826[CrossRef]
LindahlG.,
ÅkerströmB.
1989; Receptor for IgA in group A streptococci: cloning of the gene and characterization of the protein expressed in Escherichia coli
. Mol Microbiol 3:239–247[CrossRef]
LindahlG.,
StenbergL.
1990; Binding of IgA and/or IgG is a common property among clinical isolates of group A streptococci. Epidemiol Infect 105:87–93[CrossRef]
LindahlG.,
ÅkerströmB.,
VaermanJ.-P.,
StenbergL.
1990; Characterization of an IgA receptor from group B streptococci: specificity for serum IgA. Eur J Immunol 20:2241–2247[CrossRef]
OttenR. A.,
RaederR.,
HeathD. G.,
LottenbergR.,
ClearyP. P.,
BoyleM. D. P.
1992; Identification of two type IIa IgG-binding proteins expressed by a single group A streptococcus. J Immunol 148:3174–3182
Perez-CasalJ.,
PriceJ. A.,
MaguinE.,
ScottJ. R.
1993; An M protein with a single C repeat prevents phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes : use of a temperature-sensitive shuttle vector to deliver homologous sequences to the chromosome of S. pyogenes
. Mol Microbiol 8:809–819[CrossRef]
RaederR.,
OttenR. A.,
ChamberlinL.,
BoyleM. D. P.
1992; Functional and serological analysis of type II immunoglobulin G-binding proteins expressed by pathogenic group A streptococci. J Clin Microbiol 30:3074–3081
Russell-JonesG. J.,
GotschlichE. C.,
BlakeM. S.
1984; A surface receptor specific for human IgA on group B streptococci possessing the Ibc protein antigen. J Exp Med 160:1467–1475[CrossRef]
SerhirB.,
DubreuilD.,
HigginsR.,
JacquesM.
1995; Purification and characterization of a 52-kilodalton immunoglobulin G-binding protein from Streptococcus suis capsular type 2. J Bacteriol 177:3830–3836
SongX.-M.,
Perez-CasalJ.,
BoltonA.,
PotterA. A.
2001; Surface-expressed Mig protein protects Streptococcus dysgalactiae against phagocytosis by bovine neutrophils. Infect Immun 69:6030–6037[CrossRef]
StenbergL.,
O’TooleP. W.,
MesteckyJ.,
LindahlG.
1994; Molecular characterization of protein Sir, a streptococcal cell surface protein that binds both immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G. J Biol Chem 269:13458–13464
VasiJ.,
SvenssonJ.,
FrickI.-M.,
MüllerH.-P.
1999; Five homologous repeats of the protein G-related protein MIG cooperate in binding to goat immunoglobulin G. Infect Immun 67:413–416