Tn5041-like transposons: molecular diversity, evolutionary relationships and distribution of distinct variants in environmental bacteria b

bThe accession numbers for the nucleotide sequences reported in this work are given in the legends for Figs 1 F1 and 2.

c

cA comparison of the sequence of INT5041C with other proteins is available as supplementary data on Microbiology Online (http://mic.sgmjournals.org).

References

1. Blakely G. W, Davidson A. O., Sherratt D. J. 2000; Sequential strand exchange by XerC and XerD during site-specific recombination at dif . J Biol Chem 275:9930–9936
   [Google Scholar]
2. Bogdanova E. S, Mindlin S. Z, Kalyaeva E. S., Nikiforov V. G. 1988; The diversity of mercury reductases among mercury-resistant bacteria. FEBS Lett 234:280–282
   [Google Scholar]
3. Campbell A. 1994; Comparative molecular biology of lambdoid phages. Annu Rev Microbiol 48:193–222
   [Google Scholar]
4. Cheng K. C., Smith G. R. 1984; Recombinational hotspot activity of Chi-like sequences. J Mol Biol 180:371–377
   [Google Scholar]
5. Dai L., Zimmerly S. 2002; Compilation and analysis of group II intron insertions in bacterial genomes: evidence for retroelement behavior. Nucleic Acids Res 30:1091–1102
   [Google Scholar]
6. Doherty M. J, Morrison P. T., Kolodner R. 1983; Genetic recombination of bacterial plasmid DNA: physical and genetic analysis of the products of plasmid recombination in Escherichia coli . Mol Biol 167:539–560
   [Google Scholar]
7. Eckhardt T. 1978; A rapid method for identification of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in bacteria. Plasmid 1:584–588
   [Google Scholar]
8. Ferat J. L., Michel F. 1993; Group II self-splicing introns in bacteria. Nature 364:358–361
   [Google Scholar]
9. Francia M. V, De La Cruz F., Garcia Lobo J. M. 1993; Secondary sites for integration mediated by the Tn 21 integrase. Mol Microbiol 10:823–828
   [Google Scholar]
10. Griffin H. G, Foster T. J, Silver S., Misra K. 1987; Cloning and DNA sequence of the mercuric- and organomercurial-resistance determinants of plasmid pDU1358. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:3112–3116
    [Google Scholar]
11. Grinsted J, De La Cruz F, Altenbuchner J., Schmitt R. 1982; Complementation of transposition of tnpA mutants of Tn 3 , Tn 21 , Tn 501 , and Tn 1721. Plasmid 8:276–286
    [Google Scholar]
12. Grinsted J, De La Cruz F., Schmitt R. 1990; The Tn 21 subgroup of bacterial transposable elements. Plasmid 24:163–189
    [Google Scholar]
13. Hobman J. L., Brown N. L. 1997; Bacterial mercury resistance genes. In Metal Ions in Biological Systems vol. 34Mercury and its Effects on Environment and Biology pp 527–567 Edited by Sigel A., Sigel H. New York: Marcel Dekker;
    [Google Scholar]
14. Hobman J, Kholodii G, Nikiforov V, Ritchie D. A, Strike P., Yurieva O. 1994; The sequence of the mer operon of pMER327/419 and transposon ends of pMER327/419, 330 and 05. Gene 146:73–78
    [Google Scholar]
15. Hõrak R., Kivisaar M. 1999; Regulation of the transposase of Tn 4652 by the transposon-encoded protein TnpC. J Bacteriol 181:6312–6318
    [Google Scholar]
16. Khesin R. B., Karasyova E. V. 1984; Mercury-resistant plasmids in bacteria from a mercury and antimony deposit area. Mol Gen Genet 197:280–285
    [Google Scholar]
17. Kholodii G. 2001; The shuffling function of resolvases. Gene 269:121–130
    [Google Scholar]
18. Kholodii G, Yurieva O, Lomovskaya O, Gorlenko Zh, Mindlin S., Nikiforov V. 1993a; Tn 5053 , a mercury resistance transposon with integron’s ends. J Mol Biol 230:1103–1107
    [Google Scholar]
19. Kholodii G. Ya, Gorlenko Zh. M, Lomovskaya O. L, Mindlin S. Z, Yurieva O. V., Nikiforov V. G. 1993b; Molecular characterization of an aberrant mercury resistance transposable element from an environmental Acinetobacter strain. Plasmid 30:303–308
    [Google Scholar]
20. Kholodii G. Ya, Yurieva O. V, Gorlenko Zh. M, Mindlin S. Z, Bass I. A, Lomovskaya O. L, Kopteva A. V., Nikiforov V. G. 1997; Tn 5041 : a chimeric mercury resistance transposon closely related to the toluene degradative transposon Tn 4651 . Microbiology 143:2549–2556
    [Google Scholar]
21. Kholodii G, Yurieva O, Mindlin S, Gorlenko Zh, Rybochkin V., Nikiforov V. 2000a; Tn 5044 , a novel Tn 3 family transposon coding for temperature sensitive mercury resistance. Res Microbiol 151:291–312
    [Google Scholar]
22. Kholodii G. Ya, Mindlin S. Z, Gorlenko Zh. M, Bass I. A, Kalyaeva E. S., Nikiforov V. G. 2000b; Host-dependent transposition of Tn 5041 . Russ J Genetics 36:365–373
    [Google Scholar]
23. Kiyono M., Pan-Hou H. 1999; The merG gene product is involved in phenylmercury resistance in Pseudomonas strain K-62. J Bacteriol 181:726–730
    [Google Scholar]
24. Kiyono M, Omura T, Inuzuka M, Fujimori H., Pan-Hou H. 1997; Nucleotide sequence and expression of the organomercurial-resistance determinants from a Pseudomonas K-62 plasmid pMR26. Gene 189:151–157
    [Google Scholar]
25. Liebert C. A, Wireman J, Smith T., Summers A. O. 1997; Phylogeny of mercury resistance ( mer) operons of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the fecal flora of primates. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:1066–1076
    [Google Scholar]
26. Liebert C. A, Hall R. M., Summers A. O. 1999; Transposon Tn 21 , flagship of the floating genome. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 63:507–522
    [Google Scholar]
27. Liebert C. A, Watson A. L., Summers A. O. 2000; The quality of merC , a module of the mer mosaic. J Mol Evol 51:607–622
    [Google Scholar]
28. Mahillon J., Chandler M. 1998; Insertion sequences. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:725–744
    [Google Scholar]
29. Martı́nez-Abarca F., Toro N. 2000; Group II introns in the bacterial world. Mol Microbiol 38:917–926
    [Google Scholar]
30. Michel F, Umesono K., Ozeki H. 1989; Comparative and functional anatomy of group II catalytic introns – a review. Gene 82:5–30
    [Google Scholar]
31. Mindlin S, Kholodii G, Gorlenko Zh. 7 other authors 2001; Mercury resistance transposons of gram-negative environmental bacteria and their classification. Res Microbiol 152:811–822
    [Google Scholar]
32. Mohr G, Perlman P. S., Lambowitz A. M. 1993; Evolutionary relationships among group II intron-encoded proteins and identification of a conserved domain that may be related to maturase function. Nucleic Acids Res 21:4991–4997
    [Google Scholar]
33. Mukhopadhyay D, Yu H. R, Nucifora G., Misra T. K. 1991; Purification and functional characterization of MerD: a coregulator of the mercury resistance operon in gram-negative bacteria. J Biol Chem 266:18538–18542
    [Google Scholar]
34. Osborn A. M, Bruce K. D, Strike P., Ritchie D. A. 1997; Distribution, diversity and evolution of the bacterial mercury resistance ( mer) operon. FEMS Microbiol Rev 19:239–262
    [Google Scholar]
35. Pansegrau W, Lanka E, Barth P. T. 7 other authors 1994; Complete nucleotide sequence of Birmingham IncPa plasmids: compilation and comparative analysis. J Mol Biol 239:623–663
    [Google Scholar]
36. Partridge S. R, Recchia G. D, Scaramuzzi C, Collis C. M, Stokes H. W., Hall R. M. 2000; Definition of the attI1 site of class 1 integrons. Microbiology 146:2855–2864
    [Google Scholar]
37. Partridge S. R, Brown H. J, Stokes H. W., Hall R. M. 2001; Transposons Tn 1696 and Tn 21 and their integrons In4 and In2 have independent origins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45:1263–1270
    [Google Scholar]
38. Recchia G. D, Stokes H. W., Hall R. M. 1994; Characterisation of specific and secondary recombination sites recognised by the integron DNA integrase. Nucleic Acids Res 22:2071–2078
    [Google Scholar]
39. Rossignol J. L, Nicolas A, Hamza H., Langin T. 1984; Origins of gene conversion reciprocal exchange in Ascobolus . Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 49:13–21
    [Google Scholar]
40. Sambrook J, Fritsch E. F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
41. Sanger F, Nicklen S., Coulson A. 1977; DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:5463–5467
    [Google Scholar]
42. Smith G. R. 1994; Hotspots of homologous recombination. Experientia 50:234–241
    [Google Scholar]
43. Stokes H. W, O’Gorman D. B, Recchia G. D, Parsekhian M., Hall R. M. 1997; Structure and function of 59-base element recombination sites associated with mobile gene cassettes. Mol Microbiol 26:731–745
    [Google Scholar]
44. Watson N. 1988; A new revision of the sequence of plasmid pBR322. Gene 70:399–403
    [Google Scholar]
45. Willems R. J, Top J, van den Braak N, van Belkum A, Mevius D. J, Hendriks G, van Santen-Verheuvel M., van Embden J. D. A. 1999; Molecular diversity and evolutionary relationships of Tn 1546 -like elements in enterococci from humans and animals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43:483–491
    [Google Scholar]
46. Wilson J. R, Leang C, Morby A. P, Hobman J. L., Brown N. L. 2000; MerF is a mercury transport protein: different structures but a common mechanism for mercuric ion transporters?. FEBS Lett 472:78–82
    [Google Scholar]
47. Xiong Y., Eickbush T. H. 1990; Origin and evolution of retroelements based upon their reverse transcriptase sequences. EMBO J 9:3353–3362
    [Google Scholar]
48. Yanisch-Perron C, Vieira J., Messing J. 1985; Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene 33:103–119
    [Google Scholar]
49. Yeo C. C, Tham J. M, Yap M. W., Poh C. L. 1997; Group II intron from Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIB 9867 (P25X): entrapment in plasmid RP4 and sequence analysis. Microbiology 143:2833–2840
    [Google Scholar]
50. Yurieva O, Kholodii G, Minakhin L, Gorlenko Zh, Kalyaeva E, Mindlin S., Nikiforov V. 1997; Intercontinental spread of promiscuous mercury resistance transposons in environmental bacteria. Mol Microbiol 24:321–329
    [Google Scholar]