RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Kim, Hongik A1 Honda, Daiske A1 Hanada, Satoshi A1 Kanamori, Norihiro A1 Shibata, Satoshi A1 Miyaki, Taro A1 Nakamura, Kazunori A1 Oyaizu, Hiroshi YR 2000 T1 A deeply branched novel phylotype found in Japanese paddy soilsThe GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences of the novel soil clones and their aligned data set are D88480–D88489 and ds36901, respectively. JF Microbiology, VO 146 IS 9 SP 2309 OP 2315 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-146-9-2309 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2080, AB Novel 16S rDNA clones which possibly constitute a sister clade from the two known archaeal lineages, Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, were found in paddy soil environments. Overall signature sequences showed that the clone sequences shared a majority of signature sequence features with the Archaea and Eukarya. However, there were at least nine nucleotides which distinguished the novel clones from the domains Archaea and Eukarya. Phylogenetic trees, drawn by maximum-parsimony, neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood methods, also supported the unique phylogenetic position of the clones. Both signature sequence and phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that the novel organisms constitute a new group and their phylogenetic positions are distant from the Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota. A specific primer set was designed to detect the presence of the novel group of organisms in terrestrial environments. Specific DNA fragments were amplified from all paddy soil DNAs, suggesting that the novel organisms are widely distributed in rice paddy fields in Japan., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-146-9-2309