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Volume 145, Issue 10

Multiple amino acid substitutions in lanosterol 14α-demethylase contribute to azole resistance in Free

Abstract

Lanosterol 14α-demethylase (14DM) is the target of the azole antifungals, and alteration of the 14DM sequence leading to a decreased affinity of the enzyme for azoles is one of several potential mechanisms for resistance to these drugs in . In order to identify such alterations the authors investigated a collection of 19 clinical isolates demonstrating either frank resistance (MICs ≤32 μg ml) or dose-dependent resistance (MICs 8–16 μg ml) to fluconazole. In cell-free extracts from four isolates, including the Darlington strain ATCC 64124, sensitivity of sterol biosynthesis to inhibition by fluconazole was greatly reduced, suggesting that alterations in the activity or affinity of the 14DM could contribute to resistance. Cloning and sequencing of the 14DM gene from these isolates revealed 12 different alterations (two to four per isolate) leading to changes in the deduced amino acid sequence. Five of these mutations have not previously been reported. To demonstrate that these alterations could affect fungal susceptibility to azoles, the 14DM genes from one sensitive and three resistant strains were tagged at the carboxyl terminus with a c-myc epitope and expressed in under control of the endogenous promoter. Transformants receiving 14DM genes from resistant strains had fluconazole MICs up to 32-fold higher than those of transformants receiving 14DM from a sensitive strain, although Western blot analysis indicated that the level of expressed 14DM was similar in all transformants. Amino acid substitutions in the 14DM gene from the Darlington strain also conferred a strong cross-resistance to ketoconazole. In conclusion, multiple genetic alterations in 14DM, including several not previously reported, can affect the affinity of the enzyme for azoles and contribute to resistance of clinical isolates.

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  • Accepted:
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Keyword(s): 14DM, lanosterol 14α-demethylase , azoles , Candida albicans , fluconazole resistance and lanosterol 14α-demethylase
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1999-10-01
2024-04-19
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Multiple amino acid substitutions in lanosterol 14α-demethylase contribute to azole resistance in Candida albicans
Microbiology 145, 2715 (1999); https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-145-10-2715
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-145-10-2715
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-145-10-2715
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