Adaptation of Cornamonas testosteroni TAM1 to utilize phenol: organization and regulation of the genes involved in phenol degradatio Free

Abstract

SUMMARY: Comamonas testosteroni TAU1 was not able to grow on phenol as a sole carbon and energy source, but it gained the ability to utilize phenol after a 2-3-week incubation in a medium containing phenol. Phenol hydroxylase (PH) and catechol2,3-dioxygenase (C230) were highly induced by phenol in the adapted strain designated as strain P1, suggesting that phenol was degraded via the meta-pathway. Gene clusters for phenol degradation were isolated from both strains TAU1 and P1. The structural genes encoding multi- component PH and C230 (aphKLMNOPQB), and a regulatory gene of the NtrC family (aphR), were located in a divergent transcriptional organization. The cloned aphKLMNOPQl3 genes from either strain TAU1 or strain P1 produced active PH and C230 enzymes in strain TA441. No difference was found between the strains in the sequences of aphR and the intergenic promoter region of aphK and aphR. However, the transcriptional activities of the aphK and aphR promoters were higher in strain P1 than in strain TA441. The aphK-promoter activity was not observed in aphR mutant strains and these strains could not grow on phenol. The aphR mutant of strain P1 was able to grow on phenol after transformation with a recombinant aphR gene but strain TAM1 was not, suggesting that the expression of the aph genes is silenced by an unidentified repressor in strain TAU1 and that this repressor is modified in strain P1.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-10-2895
1998-10-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/144/10/mic-144-10-2895.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-10-2895&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Balows A., Trüper H.G., Dworkin M., Harder W., Schleifer K.H. (editors) 1992 The Prokaryotes, 2nd edn.. Berlin:: Springer.;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bradford M.M. 1976; A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.. Anal Biochem 72:248–254
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Burchhardt G., Schmidt I., Cuypers H., Petruschka L., Völker A., Herrmann H. 1997; Studies on spontaneous promoter-up mutations in the transcriptional activator-encoding gene phlRand their effects on the degradation of phenol in Escherichia coliand Pseudomonas putida.. Mol Gen Genet 254:539–547
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chakrabarty A.M. 1996; Microbial degradation of toxic chemicals: evolutionary insights and practical considerations.. ASM News 62:130–137
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chung S.-Y., Maeda M., Song E., Horikoshi K., Kudo T. 1994; A gram-positive polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium, Rhodococcus erythropolis strain TA441, isolated from a termite ecosystem.. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 58:2111–2113
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Ehrt S., Schirmer F., Hillen W. 1995; Genetic organization, nucleotide sequence and regulation of expression of genes encoding phenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB8250.. Mol Microbiol 18:13–20
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Furste J.P., Pansegrau W., Frank R., Blöcker H., Scholz P., Bagdasarian M., Lanka E. 1986; Molecular cloning of the plasmid RP4 primase region in a multi-host-range tacP expression vector.. Gene 48:119–131
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Ghadi S.C., Sangodkar U.M.X. 1994; Identification of a meta-cleavage pathway for metabolism of phenoxyacetic acid and phenol in Pseudomonas cepacia AC1100.. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 204:983–993
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Herrmann H., Müller C., Schmidt I., Mahnke J., Petruschka L., Hahnke K. 1995; Localization and organization of phenol degradation genes of Pseudomonas putida strain H.. Mol Gen Genet 247:240–246
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Kasak L., Hôrak R., Kivisaar M. 1997; Promoter-creating mutations in Pseudomonas putida: a model system for the study of mutation in starving bacteria.. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:3134–3139
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Kim I.C., Oriel P.J. 1995; Characterization of the Bacillus stearothermophilus BR219 phenol hydroxylase gene.. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:1252–1256
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kivisaar M.A., Habicht J.K., Heinaru A.L. 1989; Degradation of phenol and m-toluate in Pseudomonas sp. strain EST1001 and its Pseudomonas putida transconjugants is determined by a multiplasmid system.. J Bacteriol 171:5111–5116
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Krieg N.R., Holt J.G. (editors) 1984 Bergey̓s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology 1 Baltimore:: Williams & Wilkins.;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kukor J.J., Olson R.H. 1992; Complete nucleotide sequence of tbuD, the gene encoding phenol/cresol hydroxylase from Pseudomonas pickettii PKOl, and functional analysis of the encoded enzyme.. J Bacteriol 174:6518–6526
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lodge J., Williams R., Bell A., Chan B., Busby S. 1990; Comparison of promoter activities in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: use of a new broad-host-range promoter-probe plasmid.. FEMS Microbiol Lett 67:221–226
    [Google Scholar]
  16. de Lorenzo V., Pérez-Martin J. 1996; Regulatory noise in prokaryotic promoters: how bacteria learn to respond to novel environmental signals.. Mol Microbiol 19:1177–1181
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Maeda M., Chung S.-Y., Song E., Kudo T. 1995; Multiple genes encoding 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase in the gram-positive polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis TA421, isolated from termite ecosystem.. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:549–555
    [Google Scholar]
  18. van der Meer J.R., de Vos W.M., Harayama S., Zehnder A.J. 1992; Molecular mechanisms of genetic adaptation to xenobiotic compounds.. Microbiol Rev 56:677–694
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Miller J.H. 1992 A Short Course in Bacterial Genetics. A Laboratory Manual and Handbook for Escherichia coli and Related Bacteria. Cold Spring Harbor, NY:: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Muller C., Petruschka L., Cuypers H., Burchhardt G., Herrmann H. 1996; Carbon catabolite repression of phenol degradation in Pseudomonas putida is mediated by the inhibition of the activator protein PhlR.. J Bacteriol 178:2030–2036
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ng L.C., Shingler V., Sze C.C., Poh C.L. 1994; Cloning and sequences of the first eight genes of the chromosomally encoded (methyl) phenol degradation pathway from Pseudomonas putida P35X.. Gene 151:29–36
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Ng L.C., Poh C.L., Shingler V. 1995; Aromatic effector activation of the NtrC-like transcriptional regulator PhhR limits the catabolic potential of the (methyl)phenol degradative pathway it controls.. J Bacteriol 177:1485–1490
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Nordlund I., Powlowski J., Shingler V. 1990; Complete nucleotide sequence and polypeptide analysis of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase from Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600.. J Bacteriol 172:6826–6833
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Nurk A., Tamm A., Hôrak R., Kivisaar M. 1993; In-vivogenerated fusion promoters in Pseudomonas putida.. Gene 127:23–29
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Powlowski J., Sealy J., Shingler V., Cadieux E. 1997; On the role of DmpK, an auxiliary protein associated with multicomponent phenol hydroxylase from Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600.. J Biol Chem 272:945–951
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Qian H., Edlund U., Powlowski J., Shingler V., Sethson I. 1997; Solution structure of phenol hydroxylase protein component P2 determined by NMR spectroscopy.. Biochemistry 36:495–504
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn.. Cold Spring Harbor, NY:: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.;
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Schirmer F., Ehrt S., Hillen W. 1997; Expression, inducer spectrum, domain structure, and function of MopR, the regulator of phenol degradation in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB8250.. J Bacteriol 179:1329–1336
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Shingler V. 1996; Metabolic and regulatory check points in phenol degradation by Pseudomonas sp. CF600.. In Molecular Biology of Pseudomonads pp. 153–164 Nakazawa T., Furukawa K., Haas D., Silver S. Edited by Washington, DC:: American Society for Microbiology.;
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Shingler V., Franklin F.C.H., Tsuda M., Holyroyd D., Holyroyd D., Bagdasarian M. 1989; Molecular analysis of a plasmid-encoded phenol hydroxylase from Pseudomonas CF600.. J Gen Microbiol 135:1083–1092
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Shingler V., Powlowski J., Marklund U. 1992; Nucleotide sequence and functional analysis of the complete phenol/3,4-dimethylphenol catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600.. J Bacteriol 174:711–724
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Shingler V., Bartilson M., Moore T. 1993; Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the positive regulator (DmpR) of the phenol catabolic pathway encoded by pVI150 and identification of DmpR as a member of the NtrC family of transcriptional activators.. J Bacteriol 175:1596–1604
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Simon R. 1984; High frequency mobilization of gram-negative bacterial replicons by the in vitro constructed Tn5-Mob transposon.. Mol Gen Genet 196:413–420
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Takeo M., Maeda Y., Okada H., Miyama K., Mori K., Ike M., Fujita M. 1995; Molecular cloning and sequencing of the phenol hydroxylase gene from Pseudomonas putida BH.. J Ferment Bioeng 79:485–488
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-10-2895
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-10-2895
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed