Bacteriophage receptors on Listeria monocytogenes cells are the N-acetylglucosamine and rhamnose substituents of teichoic acids or the peptidoglycan itself
Different approaches were used to examine the function of teichoic acids (TA) as phage receptors among selected Listeria strains, and to identify and characterize specific receptor structures of host cells belonging to different serovars. This included successive removal of cell wall constituents, preparation and purification of TA, and GLC analysis of TA components. Adsorption of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophages could be inhibited by polyvalent antisera, specific lectins and addition of purified TA. The results confirmed the necessity of TA in general and of rhamnose and glucosamine in particular for adsorption of Listeria phage A118, which is a temperate Siphovirus (morphotype B1), attacking predominantly serovars 1/2. Host binding of siphoviral phage A500 (predominantly lysing serovars 4b), was also dependent on cell wall TA. A phage-resistant L. monocytogenes strain was shown to lack glucosamine in its TA. These results support the view that TA substituents may play an important role not only in antigenicity of Listeria cells, but also in specificity of host recognition by two temperate Listeria phages. In contrast, the broad-host-range virulent phage A511 (Myovirus, morphotype A1) uses the listerial peptidoglycan as primary receptor. This corresponds well with the observation that A511 is capable of lysing the majority of L. monocytogenes strains.
ArchibaldA.R. Cell wall assembly in bacillus subtilis. Development of bacteriophage binding properties as a result of the pulsed incorporation of teichoic acids. J Bacteriol1976; 127:956–960
ChatterjeeA.N. Use of bacteriophage-resistant mutants to study the nature of the bacteriophage receptor site of Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol1969; 98:519–527
ClearyP.P., WannamakerL.W., FisherM., LaibleN. Studies of the receptor for phage A25 in group A streptococci. The role of peptidoglycan in reversible adsorption. J Exp Med1977; 154:578–593
CoyetteJ., GhuysenJ.M. Structure of the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus strain Copenhagen IX Teichoic acid and phage adsorption. Biochem1968; 7:2385–2389
FiedlerF., SchäfflerM.J., StackebrandtE. Biochemical and nucleic acid hybridisation studies on Brevibacterium linens and related strains. Arch Microbiol1981; 129:85–93
FiedlerF., SegerJ., SchrettenbrunnerA., SeeligerH.R.P. The biochemistry of murein and cell wall teichoic acids in the genus Listeria. Syst Appl Microbiol1984; 5:360–376
FoxA., MorganS.L., HudsonJ.R., ZhuZ.T. Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of alditol acetates of neutral and amino sugars in bacterial cell walls. J Chromatogr1983; 256:429–438
GivanA.L., GlasseyK., GreenR.S., LangW.K., AndersonA.J., ArchibaldA.R. Relation between wall teichoic acid content of Bacillus subtilis and efficiency of adsorption of bacteriophages SP50 and 25. Arch Microbiol1982; 133:318–322
IshibashiK., TakesueS., WatanabeK., OishiK. Use of lectins to characterize the receptor sites for bacteriophage PL-1 of Lactobacillus casei. J Gen Microbiol1982; 128:2251–2259
MontevilleM.R., ArdestaniB., GellerB.L. Lactococcal bacteriophages require a host cell wall carbohydrate and a plasma membrane protein for adsorption and ejection of DNA. Appl Environ Microbiol1994; 60:3204–3211
ShawD.R.D., ChatterjeeA.N. O-Acetyl groups as a component of the bacteriophage receptor on Staphylococcus aureus cell walls. J Bacteriol1971; 108:584–585
SijtsmaL., SterkenburgA., WoutersJ.T.M. Properties of the cell walls of Lactococcus ladis ssp. cremoris SKI 10 and SKI 12 and their relation to bacteriophage resistance. Appl Environ Microbiol1988; 54:2808–2811
ValyaseviR., SandineW.E., GellerB.L. The bacteriophage kh receptor of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris KH is the rhamnose of the extracellular wall polysaccharide. Appl Environ Microbiol1990; 56:1882–1889
ValyaseviR., SandineW.E., GellerB.L. A membrane protein is required for bacteriophage c2 infection of Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis C2. J Bacteriol1991; 173:6095–6100
WatanabeK., TakesueS. Use of L-rhamnose to study irreversible adsorption of bacteriophage PL-1 to a strain of Lactobacillus casei. J Gen Virol1975; 28:29–35
YokokuraT. Phage receptor material in Lactobacillus casei cell wall 1 Effect of L-rhamnose on phage adsorption to the cell wall. Jpn J Microbiol1971; 15:457–463
ZinkR., LoessnerM.J. Classification of virulent and temperate bacteriophages of Listeria spp. on the basis of morphology and protein analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol1992; 58:296–302
Bacteriophage receptors on Listeria monocytogenes cells are the N-acetylglucosamine and rhamnose substituents of teichoic acids or the peptidoglycan itself