Trojan Horses of the microbial world: protozoa and the survival of bacterial pathogens in the environment Free

Preview this article:

There is no abstract available.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-6-1253
1994-06-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/140/6/mic-140-6-1253.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-6-1253&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Alexander M. 1981; Why microbial predators and parasites do not eliminate their prey and hosts. Amu Rep Microbiol 35:113–133
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Anand C. M., Skinner A. R., Malic A., Kurtz J. B. 1983; Interaction of Legionella pneumophilafree living amoebae (Acanthamoeba palestinensis). J Hyg (Camb) 91:167–178
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bangsborg J. M., Cianciotto N. P., Hindersson P. 1991; Nucleotide sequence analysis of the Legionella micdadei mip gene, encoding a 30-kilodalton analog of the Legionella pneumophila Mip protein. Infect Immun 59:3836–3840
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Barker J., Brown M. R. W., Collier P. J., Farrell I. D. F., Gilbert P. 1992; Relationship between Legionella pneumophilaAcanthamoeba polyphaga: physiological statussusceptibility to chemical inactivation. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:2420–2425
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Barker J., Lambert P. A., Brown M. R. W. 1993; The influence of intra-amoebicother growth conditions on the surface properties of Legionella pneumophila. Infect Immun 61:3503–3510
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bashford D. J., Donovan T. J., Furniss A. L., Lee J. V. 1979; Vibrio cholerae in Kent. Lancet 1:436–437
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Biddick C. J., Rogers L. H., Brown T. J. 1984; Viability of pathogenicnonpathogenic free-living amoebae in long-term storage at a range of temperatures. Appl Environ Microbiol 48:859–860
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Brown M.R. W., Williams P. 1985; The influence of environment on envelope properties affecting survival of bacteria in infections. Annu Rev Microbiol 39:527–556
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Brown M.R. W., Gilbert P. 1993; The sensitivity of biofilms to antimicrobial agents. J Appl Bacteriol 74:87S–97S
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Chang S. L. 1978; Resistance of pathogenic Naegleria to some common physicalchemical agents. Appl Environ Microbiol 35:368–375
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Characklis W.G., Marshall K. C. 1990; Biofilms: a basis for an interdisciplinary approach. In Biofilms pp. 3–15 Edited by Characklis W. G., Marshall K. G. . New York: John WileySons;
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Characklis W. G., McFeters G. A., Marshall K. C. 1990; Physiological ecology in biofilm systems. In Biofilms pp. 361 Edited by Characklis W. G., Marshall K. G. . New York: John WileySons;
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Cianciotto N.P., Fields B. S. 1992; Legionella pneumophila mip gene potentiates intracellular infection of protozoahuman macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:5188–5191
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Cianciotto N. P., Eisenstein B. J., Mody C. H., Toews G. B., Engleberg N. C. 1989; A Legionella pneumophila gene encoding a species-specific surface protein potentiates initiation of intracellular infection. Infect Immun 57:1255–1262
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Colwell R. R., Kaper J., Joseph S. W. 1977; Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticusother vibrios: occurrencedistribution in Chesapeake Bay. Science 198:394–396
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Costerton J. W., Cheng K. J., Geesey G. G., Ladd T. I., Nickel J. C., Dasgupta M., Marrie T. J. 1987; Bacterial biofilms in naturedisease. Annu Rev Microbiol 41:435–464
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Danso S.A. K., Alexander M. 1975; Regulation of predation by prey density: the protozoan-rhizobium relationship. Appl Microbiol 29:515–521
    [Google Scholar]
  18. De Jonckheere J. F., Van de Voorde H. 1976; Differences in destruction of cysts of pathogenicnonpathogenic NaegleriaAcanthamoeba by chlorine. Appl Environ Microbiol 31:294–297
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Detilleux P. G., Deyoe B. L., Cheville N. F. 1990; Entryintracellular localization of Brucella spp. in Vero cells: fluorescenceelectron microscopy. Vet Pathol 27:317–328
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Dowling J. N., Saha A. K., Glew R. H. 1992; Virulence factors of the family Legionellaceae. Microbiol Rev 56:32–60
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Drozanski W. 1991; Sarcobium lyticum gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligate intracellular parasite of small free-living amoebae. Int J Syst Bad 41:82–87
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Dumais-Pope C, O'Connell W., Cianciotto N. P. 1993; Distributionregulation of the Legionella mip gene. In Legionella-. Current StatusEmerging Perspectives,. pp. 70–72 Edited by Barbaree J. M., Breiman R. F. , Dufour A. P. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Fields B.S. 1993; Legionellaprotozoa: interaction of a pathogenits natural host. In Legionella: Current StatusEmerging Perspectives,. pp. 70–72 Edited by Barbaree J. M., Breiman R. F. , Dufour A. P. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Fields B. S., Shotts E. B., Feeley J. C., Gorman G. W., Martin W. T. 1984; Proliferation of Legionella pneumophila as an intracellular parasite of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. Appl Environ Microbiol 47:467–471
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Fields B. S., Sanden G. N., Barbaree J. M., Morrill W. E., Wadowsky R. M., White E. H., Feeley J. C. 1989; Intracellular multiplication of Legionella pneumophila in amoebae isolated from hospital hot water tanks. Curr Microbiol 18:131–137
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Fields B. S., Barbaree J. M., Sanden G.N., Morrill W. E. 1990; Virulence of a Legionella anisa strain associated with Pontiac fever: an evaluation using protozoan, cell culture,guinea pig models. Infect Immun 58:3139–3142
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Fields B. S., Utley Fields S. R., Chin Loy J. N., White E. H., Steffens W. L., Shotts E. B. 1993; Attachmententry of Legionella pneumophila in Hartmannella vermiformis. J Infect Dis 167:1146–1150
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Foster R.C., Dormaar J. F. 1991; Bacteria-grazing amoebae in situ in the rhizosphere. Biol Fertil Soils 11:83–87
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Frank J. F., Gillett R. A. N., Ware G. O. 1990; Association of 'Listeria spp. contamination in the dairy processing plant environment with the presence of staphylococci. J Food Prot 53:928–932
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Fritsche T. R., Gautom R. K., Seyedirashti S., Bergeron D. L., Lindquist T. D. 1993; Occurrence of bacterial endosymbionts in Acanthamoeba spp. isolated from cornealenvironmental specimenscontact lenses. J Clin Microbiol 31:1122–1126
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Fry N. K., Rowbotham T. J., Saunders N. A., Embley T. M. 1991; Direct amplificationsequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA of an intracellular Legionella species recovered by amoebal enrichment from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia. FEMS Microbiol Lett 83:165–168
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Gilbert P., Collier P. J., Brown M. R. W. 1990; Influence of growth rate on susceptibility to antimicrobial agents: biofilms, cell cycle, dormancystringent response. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 34:1865–1868
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Goshko M. S., Pipes W. D., Christian R. R. 1983; Coliform occurrencechlorine residual in small water distribution systems. J Am Water Works Assoc 75:309–312
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Hacker J., Ott M., Wintermeyer E., Ludwig B., Fischer G. 1993; Analysis of virulence factors of Legionella pneumophila. Zentralbl Bakteriol 278:348–358
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Hall J., Voelz H. 1985; Bacterial endosymbionts of Acanthamoeba spp. J Parasitol 71:89–95
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Harf C., Monteil H., Vetter M. T. 1987; Relations amibes fibres Legionella dans l’environnement. In Collection Fondation Faulte M. Merieux, pp. 139–143 Edited by Fleurette J., Bornstein N., Marmet D. , Surgot M. . Lyon: Colloque Legionella 6-7 mai 1987.;
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Hodinka R.L., Wyrick P. B. 1986; Ultrastructural study of mode of entry of Chlamydia psittaci into L-929 cells. Infect Immun 54:855–863
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Horwitz M.A. 1993; Toward an understanding of hostbacterial molecules mediating Legionella pneumophila pathogenesis. In Legionella: Current StatusEmerging Perspectives pp. 55–62 Edited by Barbaree J. M., Breiman R. F. , Dufour A. P. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Hudson L. D., Hankins J. W., Battaglia M. 1983; Coliforms in a water distribution system: a remedial approach. J Am Water Works Assoc 75:564–568
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Jadin J.B. 1975; Amibes limax vecteurs possible de Myco-bacteries et de M. leprae. Acta Leprol 59:57–67
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Jadin J.B. 1987; History. In Infectious Diseases Colour Atlas Monographs I. Amphizoic Amoebae: Human Pathology pp. 1–32 Edited by Rondanelli E. G. Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria;
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Keevil C. W., Mackerness C. W., Colbourne J. S. 1990; Biocide treatment of biofilms. Int Biodeterior 26:169–179
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Kilvington S. 1990; Activity of water biocide chemicalscontact lens disinfectants on pathogenic free-living amoebae. Int Biodeterior 26:127–138
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Kilvington S., Price J. 1990; Survival of Legionella pneumophila within Acanthamoeba polyphaga cysts following chlorine exposure. J Appl Bacteriol 68:519–525
    [Google Scholar]
  45. King C.H., Shotts E. B. 1988; Enhancement of Edwardsiella tardaAeromonas salmonicida through ingestion by the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 51:95–100
    [Google Scholar]
  46. King C. H., Shotts E. B., Wooley R. E., Porter K. G. 1988; Survival of coliformsbacterial pathogens within protozoa during chlorination. Appl Environ Microbiol 54:3023–3033
    [Google Scholar]
  47. King C. H., Fields B. S., Shotts E. B., White E. H. 1991; Effects of cytochalasin Dmethylamine on intracellular growth of Legionella pneumophila in amoebaehuman monocyte-like cells. Infect Immun 59:758–763
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Kingston D., Warhurst D. C. 1969; Isolation of amoebae from the air. J Med Microbiol 2:27–36
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Krishna-Prasad B. N., Gupta S. K. 1978; Preliminary report on engulfmentretention of mycobacteria by trophozoites of axenically grown Acanthamoeba castellanii Douglas, 1930. Curr Sci 47:245–247
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Ly T.M. C., Muller H. E. 1990a; Interactions of Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria seeligeriListeria innocua with protozoans. J Gen Appl Microbiol 36:143–150
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Ly T.M. C., Muller H. E. 1990b; Ingested Listeria monocytogenes survivemultiply in protozoa. J Med Microbiol 33:51–54
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Marrao G., Verissimo A., Bowker R. G., da Costa M. S. 1993; Biofilms as major sources of Legionella spp. in hydrothermal areastheir dispersion into streams. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 12:25–33
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Mauchline W. S., Araujo R., Fitzgeorge R. B., Dennis P. J., Keevil C. W. 1993; Environmental regulation of the virulencephysiology of Legionella pneumophila. In Legionella: Current StatusEmerging Perspectives pp. 262–264 Edited by Barbaree J.M., Breiman R. F. , Dufour A. P. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Miller J. F., Mekalanos J. J., Falkow S. 1989; Coordinate regulationsensory transduction in the control of bacterial virulence. Science 243:916–922
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Nelson H.H. 1990; Where are Listeria likely to be found in dairy plants?. Dairy Food Sanit 10:344–345
    [Google Scholar]
  56. O'Brien S. J., Bhopal R. S. 1993; Legionnaires’ disease: the infective dose paradox. Lancet 342:5–6
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Palme L., Falkow S. 1986; Characterization of cloned genes from Chlamydia trachomatis. In Microbiology -1986 pp. 91–95 Edited by Lieve L., Bonventre P. F. , Morello J. A. , Silver S. D. , Wu H. C. . Washington, DC: SprAmerican Society for Microbiologyinger;
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Palmer C. J., Tsai Y., Paszko-Kolva C., Mayer C., Sangermano L. R. 1993; Detection of Legionella species in sewageocean water by polymerase chain reaction, direct fluorescent-antibody,plate culture methods. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:3618–3624
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Panikov N. S., Merkurov A. S., Tartakovkii I. S. 1993; Kinetic studies of Legionella interactions with protozoa. In Legionella: Current StatusEmerging Perspectives pp. 153–156 Edited by Barbaree J. M., Breiman R. F. , Dufour A. P. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Paszko-Kolva C, Yamamoto H., Shahmat M., Sawyer T. K., Morris G., Colwell R. R. 1991; Isolation of amoebaePseudomonasLegionella spp. from eyewash stations. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:163–167
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Porter K.G. 1984; Natural bacteria as food resources for zooplankton. In Current Perspectives in Microbial Ecology pp. 340–345 Edited by Klug M. A., Reddy C. A. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Preer J. R., Preer L. B., Jurand A. 1974; Kappaother endosymbionts in Paramecium aurelia. Bacteriol Rev 38:113–163
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Ren T., Frank J. F. 1993; Susceptibility of starved planktonicbiofilm Listeria monocytogenes to quaternary ammonium sanitizer as determined by direct viableagar plate counts. J Food Prot 56:573–576
    [Google Scholar]
  64. Richardson I.R. 1990; Legionella under attack! The incidence of Bdellovibrio spp. in man-made water systems: coexistence with legionellas. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual Scientific Conference Winchester: Public Health Laboratory Service;
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Rowbotham T.J. 1980; Preliminary report on the pathogenicity of Legionella pneumophila for freshwatersoil amoebae. J Clin Pathol S3:1179–1183
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Rowbotham T.J. 1986; Current views on the relationship between amoeba, legionellaeman. Israel J Med Sci 22:678–689
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Rowbotham T.J. 1992; Littlelarge particle theory for legionellosis acquired from polymicrobial sources. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Legionella. Florida: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Rowbotham T.J. 1993; Legionella-like amoebal pathogens. In Legionella: Current StatusEmerging Perspectives pp. 137–140 Edited by Barbaree J. M., Breiman R. F., Dufour A. P. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Seeliger H.P. R. 1988; Listeriosis - historyactual developments. Infection 16:580–584
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Singh B.N. 1942; Selection of bacterial food by soil flagellatesamoebae. Ann Appl Biol 29:18–22
    [Google Scholar]
  71. Singh B.N. 1946; A method of estimating the numbers of soil protozoa, especially amoebae, based on their differential feeding on bacteria. Ann Appl Biol 33:112–119
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Starr M.P., Seidler R. J. 1971; The Bdellovihrios. Annu Rev Microbiol 25:649–678
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Steele T.W. 1993; Interactions between soil amoebaesoil legionellae. In Legionella: Current StatusEmerging Perspectives pp. 140–142 Edited by Barbaree J. M., Breiman R. F. , Dufour A. P. . Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Thom S., Warhurst D., Drasar B. S. 1992; Association of Vibrio cholerae with fresh water amoebae. J Med Microbiol 36:303–306
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Tomov A., Kassovsky V., Chorbadjiska L., Tsvetkova E., Tasnev N., Vencheva Z. 1982; Lytic activity of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorous against bacteria of the family Legionellaceae. Zentralbl Backteriol Mikrobiol Hyg (A) 252:96–100
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Tyndall R. L., Ironside K. S., Little C. D., Katz D. S., Kennedy J. R. 1991; Free-living amoebae used to isolate consortia capable of degrading trichloroethylene. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 28:29917–925
    [Google Scholar]
  77. Wadowsky R. M., Butler L. J., Cook M. K., Verma S. M., Paul M. A., Fields B. S., Keteli G., Sykora I. L., Yee R. B. 1988; Growth supporting activity for Legionella pneumophila in tap water culturesimplications of hartmennellid amoebae as growth factors. Appl Environ Microbiol 54:2677–2682
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Weekers P.H. H., Bodelier P. L. E., Wijen J. P. H., Vogels G. D. 1993; Effects of grazing by the free-living soil amoebae Acanthamoeba castellanii, Acanthamoeba polyphagaHartmannella vermiformis on various bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:2317–2319
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Wright R.T., Coffin R. B. 1984; Measuring microzooplankton grazing by its impact on bacterial production. Microbiol Ecol 10:137–150
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-6-1253
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-6-1253
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed