1887

Abstract

The isolation of telomeres from the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis is described. The telomeric repeat from the plant , TTTAGGG, cross-hybridizes to -sensitive fragments of DNA and detects many or all of the chromosomes separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). This telomeric repeat was used to screen a library enriched for chromosome ends. Three clones were isolated which contained the tandemly repeated sequence TTAGGG. This sequence is identical to some known telomere repeats found in humans and other vertebrates as well as in some protozoa and moulds. In addition, the three telomeric clones had an almost identical 376 bp segment of middle-repeated telomere-associated sequences adjacent to the telomeric repeat. This segment hybridized to many or all chromosomes separated by PFGE and showed a hybridization pattern in genomic digestions similar to that of the telomeric repeat. These results indicate that in the same segment of telomere-associated sequences is located adjacent to the telomeric repeat in many or all chromosomes, which suggests that it may have a common role in chromosome function.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-3-551
1994-03-01
2024-04-16
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/140/3/mic-140-3-551.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-3-551&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Allshire R.C., Gosden J.R., Cross S.H., Cranton G., Raut D., Suguwara N., Szostak J.W., Fantes P.A., Hastie N.D. Telomeric repeat from T. thermophila cross hybridizes with human telomeres. Nature 1988; 332:650–659
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Banuett F., Herskowitz I. Different a alleles of Ustilago maydis are necessary for maintenance of filamentous growth but not for meiosis. Proc Natl Acad Set USA 1989; 86:5878–5882
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Blackburn E.H. Structure and function of telomeres. Nature 1991; 350:569–573
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Blackburn E.H. Telomerases. Annu Rep Biochem 1992; 61:113–129
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Blackburn E.H., Challoner P.B. Identification of a telomeric DNA sequence in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell 1984; 36:447–457
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Brown W.R.A., MacKinnon P.J., Villasante A., Spurr N., Buckle V.J., Dobson M.J. Structure and polymorphism of human telomere-associated DNA. Cell 1990; 63:119–132
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Chan C.S.M., Tye B.-K. Autonomously replicating sequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980; 77:6329–6333
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Chan C.S.M., Tye B.-K. A family of Saccharomyces cerevisiae repetitive autonomously replicating sequences that have very similar genomic environments. J Mol Biol 1983a; 168:505–523
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Chan C.S.M., Tye B.-K. Organization of DNA sequences and replication origins at yeast telomeres. Cell 1983b; 33:563–573
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Church G.M., Gilbert W.G. Genomic sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984; 81:1991–1995
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Foote S., J. & Kemp D.J. Chromosomes of malaria parasites. Trends Genet 1989; 5:337–342
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Forney J., Henderson E.R., Blackburn E.H. Identification of the telomeric sequence of the acellular slime molds Didynium iridis and Physarum polycephalum. Nucleic Acids Res 1987; 15:9143–9152
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Fotheringham S., Holloman W.K. Cloning and disruption of Ustilago maydis genes. Mol Cell Biol 1989; 9:4052–4055
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Ganal M.W., Lapitan N.L.V., Tanksley S.D. Macrostructure of the tomato telomeres. Plant Cell 1991; 3:87–94
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Harley C.B., Futchter A.B., Greider C.W. Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts. Nature 1990; 345:458–460
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hastie N.D., Dempster M., Dunlop M.G., Thompson A.M., Green D.K., Allshire R.C. Telomere reduction in human colorectal carcinoma and with ageing. Nature 1990; 346:866–871
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Holliday R. Ustilago maydis. In Handbook of Genetics 1974 Edited by King R.C. New York: Plenum Press; pp 575–595
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kinscherf T.G., Leong S.A. Molecular analysis of the karyotype of Ustilago maydis. Chromosoma 1988; 96:427–433
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kipling D., Cooke H.J. Beginning or end? Telomere structure, genetics and biology. Hum Mol Genet 1992; 1:3–6
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kronstad J.W., Leong S.A. Isolation of two alleles of the b locus of Ustilago maydis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989; 86:978–982
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kronstad J.W., Wang J., Covert S.F., Holden D.W., McKnight G.L., Leong S.A. Isolation of metabolic genes and demonstration of gene disruption in the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis. Gene 1989; 79:97–100
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lumblad V., Szostak J.W. A mutant with a defect in telomere elongation leads to senescence in yeast. Cell 1989; 57:633–643
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Meyne J., Ratliff R.L., Moyzis R.K. Conservation of the human telomere sequence TTAGGGn among vertebrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989; 86:7049–7053
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Moyzis R.K., Buckingham J.M., Cram L.S., Dani M., Deaven L.L., Jones M.D., Meyne J., Ratliff R.L., Wu J.-R. A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG)n, present at the telomeres of human chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988; 85:6622–6626
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Newlon C.S. Yeast chromosome replication and segregation. Microbiol Rev 1988; 52:568–601
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Petracek M.E., Lefebvre P.A., Silflow C.D., Berman J. Chlamydomonas telomere sequences are A + T-rich but contain three consecutive GC base pairs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87:8222–8226
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Richards E.J., Ausubel F.M. Isolation of a higher eukaryotic telomere from Arabidopsis thaliana. Cell 1988; 53:127–136
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Richards E.J., Goodman H.M., Ausubel F.M. The centromere region of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 1 contains telomere-similar sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 1991; 19:3351–3357
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Sambrook J.E., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. Molecular Cloning, a Uaboratory Manual 1989 2nd edn Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Schechtman M.G. Characterization of telomere DNA from Neurospora crassa. Gene 1990; 88:159–165
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Schulz B., Banuett F., Dahl M., Schleslinger R., Schafer W., Martin T., Herskowitz I., Kahmann R. The b alleles of U maydis, whose combinations program pathogenic development, code for polypeptides containing a homeodomain-related motif. Cell 1990; 60:295–306
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Sherman F., Fink G.R., Hicks J.B. Methods in Yeast Genetics 1986 Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Southern E.M., Brown W.R.A., Fletcher D.S. A model for the separation of large DNA molecules by crossed field gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Ret 1987; 15:5925–5943
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Tsukuda T., Carleton S., Fotheringham S., Holloman W.K. Isolation and characterization of an autonomously replicating sequence from Ustilago maydis. Mol Cell Biol 1988; 8:3703–3709
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Van Der Ploeg L.H.T., Liu A.Y.C., Borst P. Structure of the growing telomeres of trypanosomes. Cell 1984; 36:459–468
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Walmsley R.W., Chan C.S.M., Tye B.-K., Petes T.D. Unusual DNA sequences associated with the ends of yeast chromosomes. Nature 1984; 310:157–160
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Wang J., Holden D.W., Leong S.A. Gene transfer system for the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988; 85:865–869
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Yu G.-L., Bradley J.D., Attardi L.D., Blackburn E.H. In vivo alteration of telomere sequences and senescence caused by mutated Tetrahymena telomerase RNAs. Nature 1990; 344:126–132
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Zakian V.A. Structure and function of telomeres. Amu Rev Genet 1989; 23:579–604
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Zakian V.A., Blanton H.M. Distribution of telomere- associated sequences on natural chromosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1988; 8:2257–2260
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-3-551
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-140-3-551
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error