1887

Abstract

In order to study the genetic control of chitinolytic activity in , chitinase genes were cloned from TK64 into the multicopy plasmid pIJ702 and their expression monitored in their natural host by measuring increases in chitinase productivity. Four independent clones were obtained, and the plasmids named pEMJ1, pEMJ5, pEMJ7 and pEMJ8. Restriction endonuclease digestion showed that although two of the plasmids (pEMJ7 and pEMJ8) shared a common DNA fragment, there were no substantial similarities between the inserts of plasmids pEMJ1, pEMJ5 and pEMJ7. This was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridization studies. Four chitinases (A, B, C, and D) were identified, with molecular masses of 36, 46, 65, and 41 kDa, respectively. Production of chitinases A and B was specified by the plasmids pEMJ1 and pEMJ5, respectively. Genes for the other two chitinases (C and D) were carried by plasmid pEMJ7. Although significant differences were observed between chitinases A, B, and C in terms of optimum pH for activity and mode of digestion of substrates, chitinases C and D were very similar in these respects. Cloned genes were also expressed in M130 and in .

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-9-2065
1991-09-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/137/9/mic-137-9-2065.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-9-2065&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Berger L. R., Reynolds D. M. 1958; The chitinase system of a strain of Streptomyces griseus . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 29:522–534
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Beyer M., Diekmann H. 1985; The chitinase system of Streptomyces sp. ATCC 11238 and its significance for fungal cell wall degradation. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology 23:140–146
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Boller T. 1987; Hydrolytic enzymes in plant disease resistance. In Plant-Microbe Interactions 2385–413 Kosuge T., Nester E. W. New York: Macmillan;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Chater K. F., Hopwood D. A., Kieser T., Thompson C. J. 1982; Gene cloning in Streptomyces. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 96:69–95
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Clarke P. H., Tracey M. V. 1956; The occurrence of chitinase in some bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 14:188–196
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Correa J. U., Elango N., Polancheck I., Cabib E. 1982; Endochitinase, a mannose-associated enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Biological Chemistry 257:1392–1397
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Elango N., Correa J. V., Cabib E. 1982; Secretory character of yeast chitinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 257:1398–1400
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fuchs R. L., Macpherson S. A., Drahos D. J. 1986; Cloning of a Serratia marcescens gene encoding chitinase. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 51:504–509
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gooday G. W. 1990; The ecology of chitin decomposition. Advances in Microbial Ecology 11:387–430
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hara S., Yamamura Y., Fujii Y., Mega T., Ikenaka T. 1989; Purification and characterization of chitinase produced by Streptomyces erythraeus . Journal of Biochemistry 105:484–489
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hopwood D. A., Bibb M. J., Chater K. F., Kieser T., Bruton C. J., Kieser H. M., Lydiate D. L., Smith C. P., Ward J. M., Schrempf H. S. 1985 Genetic Manipulation of Streptomyces - a Laboratory Manual Norwich, UK: John Innes Foundation;
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Jones J. D. G., Grady K. L., Suslow T. V., Bedbrook J. R. 1986; Isolation and characterization of genes encoding two chitinase enzymes from Serratia marcescens . EMBO Journal 5:467–473
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Joshi S., Kozlowski M., Selvaraj G., Iyer V. N., Davies R. W. 1988; Cloning of the genes of the chitin-utilization regulon of Serratia liquefaciens . Journal of Bacteriology 170:2984–2988
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kamei K., Yamamura Y., Hara S., Ikenaka T. 1989; Amino acid sequence of chitinase from Streptomyces erythraeus . Journal of Biochemistry 105:979–985
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kendall K., Cullum J. 1984; Cloning and expression of an extracellular-agarase gene from Streptomyces coelicolor A 3(2) in Streptomyces lividans 66. Gene 29:315–321
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kieser T. 1984; Factors affecting the isolation of cccDNA from Streptomyces lividans Escherichia coli . Plasmid 12:19–36
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lingappa Y., Lockwood J. L. 1962; Chitin media for selective isolation and culture of Actinomycetes. Phytopathology 52:317–323
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Maniatis T., Fritsch E. F., Sambrook J. 1982; Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Mondou F., Shareck F., Morosoli R., Kluepfel D. 1986; Cloning of xylanase gene of S. lividans. Gene 49:323–329
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Monreal J., Reese E. T. 1969; The chitinase of Serratia marcescens . Canadian Journal of Microbiology 15:689–696
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Morano J., Polancheck I., Duran A., Cabib E. 1979; An endochitinase from wheat germ: activity on nascent and preformed chitin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 254:4901–4907
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Murakami T., Holt T., Thompson C. 1988; The regulation of a thiostrepton-inducible promoter in Streptomyces lividans . Biology of Actinomycetes 88371–373 Okami Y., Beppu T., Ogawara H. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Society Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Reynolds D. M. 1954; Exocellular chitinase from a Streptomyces sp. Journal of General Microbiology 11:150–159
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Roberts R. L., Cabib E. 1982; Serratia marcescens chitinase: one step purification and use for the determination of chitin. Analytical Biochemistry 127:402–412
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Roberts W. K., Selitrennikoff C. P. 1988; Plant and bacterial chitinases differ in antifungal activity. Journal of General Microbiology 134:169–176
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Robbins P. W., Albright C., Benefield B. 1988; Cloning and expression of a Streptomyces plicatus chitinase (chitinase-63) in Escherichia coli. Journal of Biological Chemistry 263:443–447
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Skujins J. J., Braal L., Maclaren A. D. 1962; Characterization of phosphatase in a terrestial soil sterilized with an electron beam. Enzymologia 25:125–133
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Tominaga Y., Tsujisaka Y. 1976; Purification and some properties of two chitinases from Streptomyces orientalis which lyse Rhizopus cell wall. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 40:2325–2333
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Yanisch-Perron C, Vieira J., Messing J. 1985; Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains : nucleotide sequences of the M13 mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene 33:103–119
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Virolle M.-J., Bibb M. J. 1988; Cloning, characterization and regulation of an alpha-amylase gene from Streptomyes limosus . Molecular Microbiology 2:197–208
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Watanabe T., Oyanagi W., Suzuki K., Tanaka H. 1990; Chitinase system of Bacillus circulans WL12 and importance of chitinase A1 in chitin degradation. Journal of Bacteriology 172:4017–4022
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Wortman A. T., Somerville C. C., Colwell R. R. 1986; Chitinase determinants of Vibrio vulnificus gene cloning and application of a chitinase probe. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 52:142–145
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-9-2065
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-9-2065
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error