Skip to content
1887

Abstract

The bacterial phytotoxin syringomycin affects plasma-membrane-associated functions of plants and yeast. These include increases in transmembrane K, H and Ca fluxes and membrane potential. Mutants of resistant to growth inhibition by syringomycin were isolated and characterized. Many of the mutant isolates were unable to grow in yeast extract/peptone/dextrose medium supplemented with 400 mM-CaC1 which permitted the growth of the parent strain (8A-1B). Genetic analyses of one of these mutants, strain R4-3G, showed a single recessive mutation that simultaneously led to Ca-sensitivity and syringomycin-resistance. R4-3G had higher net Ca uptake rates than strain 8A-1B and higher intracellular Ca levels in medium containing 1 mM-CaC1. The altered Ca uptake rates of the mutant were not influenced by syringomycin and were not related to altered capabilities for Ca efflux. R4-3G had similar syringomycin-stimulated increases in K efflux but lower syringomycin-stimulated increases in membrane potential than 8A-1B. It is concluded that Ca transport is important in the response of yeast to syringomycin and that the toxin-stimulated membrane potential increase, but not K efflux, is closely associated with Ca transport.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-3-653
1991-03-01
2025-03-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/137/3/mic-137-3-653.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-3-653&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bidwai A. P., Takemoto J. Y. 1987; Bacterial phytotoxin, syringomycin, induces a protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation of red beet plasma membrane polypeptides. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 84:6755–6759
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bidwai A. P., Zhang L., Bachmann R. C., Takemoto J. Y. 1987; Mechanism of action of Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin, syringomycin : stimulation of red beet plasma membrane ATPase activity. Plant Physiology 83:39–43
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Blinder D., Bouvier S., Jenness D. D. 1989; Constitutive mutants in the yeast pheromone response : ordered function of the gene products. Cell 56:479–486
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Botstein D., Fink G. R. 1988; Yeast: an experimental organism for modem biology. Science 240:1439–1443
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Eilam Y. 1982; The effect of potassium ionophores and potassium on cellular calcium in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of General Microbiology 128:2611–2614
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Eilam Y., Chernikovsky D. 1987; Uptake of Ca2+ driven by the membrane potential in energy-depleted yeast cells. Journal of General Microbiology 133:1641–1649
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eilam Y., Lavi H., Grossowicz N. 1985; Cytoplasmic Ca2+ homeostasis maintained by a vacuolar Ca2+ transport system in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of General Microbiology 131:623–629
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Gross D. C., DeVay J. E., Stadtman F. 1977; Chemical properties of syringomycin and syringotoxin : toxigenic peptides produced by Pseudomonas syringae . Journal of Applied Bacteriology 43:453–463
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gustin M. C., Zhou X.-L., Martinac B., Kung C. 1988; A mechanosensitive ion channel in the yeast plasma membrane. Science 242:762–765
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Herskowitz I., Marsh L. 1987; Conservation of a receptor/signal transduction system. Cell 50:995–996
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Jahng K.-Y., Ferguson J., Reed S. I. 1988; Mutations in a gene encoding the a subunit of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae G protein indicate a role in mating pheromone signaling. Molecular and Cellular Biology 8:2484–2493
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kitamoto K., Yoshizawa K., Ohsumi Y., Anraku Y. 1988; Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with defective vacuolar function. Journal of Bacteriology 170:2687–2691
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Mott K. A., Takemoto J. Y. 1989; Syringomycin, a bacterial phytotoxin, closes stomata. Plant Physiology 90:1435–1439
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Nakayama N., Arai K.-I., Matsumoto K. 1988; Role of SGP2 a suppressor of a gpal mutation, in the mating-factor signaling pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Molecular and Cellular Biology 8:5410–5416
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Ohya Y., Ohsumi Y., Anraku Y. 1986a; Isolation and characterization of Ca2+sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of General Microbiology 132:979–988
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Ohya Y., Miyamoto S., Ohsumi Y., Anraku Y. 1986b; Calciumsensitive cls4 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a defect in bud formation. Journal of Bacteriology 165:28–33
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Rank G. H., Robertson A., Phillips K. 1975; Reduced plasma membrane permeability in a multiple cross-resistant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of Bacteriology 122:359–366
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Rank G. H., Robertson A. J., Gerlach J. H. 1977; Single gene alteration of plasma membrane and mitochondrial function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Molecular and General Genetics 152:13–18
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Reidl H. H., Takemoto J. Y. 1987; Mechanism of action of bacterial phytotoxin, syringomycin. Simultaneous measurement of early responses in yeast and maize. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 898:59–69
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Schmitt H. D., Puzicha M., Gallwitz D. 1988; Study of a temperature-sensitive mutant of the ras-related YPT1 gene product in yeast suggests a role in the regulation of intracellular calcium. Cell 53:635–647
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Segre A., Bachmann R. C., Ballio A., Bossa F., Grgurina I., Iacobellis N. S., Marino G., Pucci P., Simmaco M., Takemoto J. Y. 1989; The structure of syringomycins A1 E and G. FEBS. Letters 255:27–31
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Sherman F., Fink G. R., Hicks J. B. 1986 Methods in Yeast Genetics Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Sinden S. L., devay J. E., Backman P. A. 1971; Properties of syringomycin, a wide spectrum antibiotic and phytotoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae and its role in the bacterial canker disease of peach trees. Physiological Plant Pathology 1:199–213
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Tachikawa T., Miyakawa T., Tsuchiya E., Fukui S. 1987; A rapid and transient increase of cellular Ca2+ in response to mating pheromone in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 51:1209–1210
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Takemoto J. Y., Giannini J. L., Vassey T., Briskin D. P. 1989; Syringomycin effects on plasma membrane Ca2+ transport. In Phytotoxins and Plant Pathogenesis167–175 Graniti A., Durbin R. D., Ballio. A. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Zhang L., Takemoto J. Y. 1986; Mechanism of action of Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin, syringomycin. Interaction with the plasma membrane of wild-type and respiratory-deficient strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 861:201–204
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Zhang L., Takemoto J. Y. 1987; Effects of Pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin, syringomycin, on plasma membrane fractions of Rhodotorula pilimanae. Phytopathology 77:297–303
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-3-653
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-137-3-653
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error