Plasmids: Plasmid-directed Synthesis of Proteins and in Minicells Free

Abstract

Plasmid DNAs from 25 strains (14 ‘typical’ and 11 so-called ‘atypical’ strains) were analysed using two plasmid isolation techniques in conjunction with restriction enzyme digestion and agarose gel electrophoresis. ‘Atypical’ strains carried two to four plasmid species, which were different from the plasmids carried by ‘typical’ strains, and corresponded to isolate source and biotype, suggesting that plasmid content may be a useful epidemiological marker for ‘atypical’ . The ‘typical’ group was extremely homogeneous in plasmid content. In addition to a single large (70–145 kb) structurally related plasmid species, all strains carried a highly conserved group of three low- plasmids (pAsa1, 5·0 kb; pAsa2, 5·2 kb; pAsa3, 5·4 kb). The pAsa plasmids had different restriction maps, and directed the synthesis of four polypeptides when assayed using a transcription/translation system and [S]methionine radiolabelling. A partially conserved 6·0 kb plasmid directed synthesis of an additional polypeptide. Total cellular plasmid DNA from virulent ‘typical’ strain A449 was also cloned in , using the vector pBR322. When analysed using a minicell expression system, 17 plasmid-encoded proteins, ranging in size from 12 to 90 kDa, were identified, including two putative exported proteins, and a chloramphenicol acetyltrans-ferase which was encoded by the 145 kb conserved, non-conjugative, plasmid.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-3-513
1989-03-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/135/3/mic-135-3-513.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-3-513&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Aoki T., Kitao T., Ando T., Arai T. 1979; Incompatibility grouping of R plasmids detected in fish pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas salmonicida . In Microbial Drug Resistance 2 pp. 219–222 Mitsuhashi S. Edited by Baltimore: University Park Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Aoki T., Mitoma Y., Crosa J.H. 1986; The characterization of a conjugative R-plasmid isolated from Aeromonas salmonicida . Plasmid 16:213–218
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Belland R.J., Trust T.J. 1988; DNA:DNA reassociation analysis of Aeromonas salmonicida . Journal of General Microbiology 134:307–315
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bootsma R., Fijan N., Blommaert J. 1977; Isolation and preliminary identification of the causative agent of carp erythrodermatitis. Veterinary Archives 47:291–302
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cozzarelli N.R., Kelly R.B., Kornberg A. 1968; A minute circular DNA from Escherichia coli 15. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences oj the United States of America 60:992–999
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Croft J.E., Bergquist P.L., Lane D. 1983; A cryptic plasmid from Shigella sonnei . Journal of General Microbiology 129:1513–1525
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Crosa J.H. 1980; A plasmid associated with virulence in the marine fish pathogen Vibrio anguil- larum specifies an iron-sequestering system. Nature, London 284:566–568
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Curtiss R. III 1981; Gene transfer. In Methodology for General Bacteriology pp. 243–265 Gerhardt P. Edited by Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. De Grandis S., Stevenson R.M.W. 1982; Variations in plasmid profiles and growth characteristics of Yersinia ruckeri strains. FEMS Microbiology Letters 15:199–202
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Dougan G., Dowd G., Kehoe M. 1983; Organization of K88ac-encoded polypeptides in the Escherichia coli cell envelope: use of mini-cells and outer membrane protein mutants for studying assembly of pili. Journal of Bacteriology 153:364–370
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Elwell L.P., Shipley P.L. 1980; Plasmid- mediated factors associated with virulence of bacteria to animals. Annual Review of Microbiology 34:465–496
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Evelyn T.P.T. 1971; An aberrant strain of the bacteria] fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida isolated from a marine host, the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), and from two species of cultured Pacific salmon. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 28:1629–1634
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Filip C., Fletcher G., Wulff J.L., Earhart C.F. 1973; Solubilisation of the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli by the ionic detergent sodium lauryl sarcosinate. Journal of Bacteriology 115:717–722
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Gaffney D.F., Foster T.J., Shaw W.V. 1978; Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase determined by R plasmids from Gram-negative bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 109:351–356
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Glenn A.R. 1976; Production of extracellular proteins by bacteria. Annual Review of Microbiology 30:41–62
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Gonzales J.M., Dulmage H.T., Carlton B.C. 1981; Correlation between specific plasmids and delta-endotoxin production in Bacillus thuringiensis . Plasmid 5:351–365
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hackett J.L., Lynch W.H., Paterson W.D., Coombs D. 1984; Extracellular protease, extracellular haemolysin, and virulence in Aeromonas sal- monicida . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 41:1354–1360
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Hale T.L., Sansonetti P.J., Schad P.A., Austin S., Formal S.B. 1983; Characterization of virulence plasmids and plasmid-associated outer membrane proteins in Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, and Escherichia coli . Infection and Immunity 40:340–350
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Halegoua S., Inouye M. 1979; Translocation and assembly of outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli. Selective accumulation of precursors and novel assembly intermediates caused by phenethyl alcohol. Journal of Molecular Biology 130:39–61
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Hedges R.W., Smith P., Brazil G. 1985; Resistance plasmids of aeromonads. Journal of General Microbiology 131:2091–2095
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Ishiguro E.E., Ainsworth T., Kay W.W., Trust T.J. 1986; Heme requirement for growth of fastidious atypical strains of Aeromonas salmonicida . Applied and Environmental Microbiology 51:668–670
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Ishiguro E.E., Kay W.W., Ainsworth T., Chamberlain J., Buckley J.T., Trust T.J. 1981; Loss of virulence during culture of Aeromonas salmonicida at high temperature. Journal of Bacteriology 148:333–340
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Jones G.W., Rabert D.K., Svinarich D.M., Whitfield H. 1982; Association of adhesive, invasive, and virulent phenotypes of Salmonella typhimurium with autonomous 60-megadalton plasmids. Infection and Immunity 38:476–486
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Joseph T., Nano F.E., Garon C.F., Caldwell H.D. 1986; Molecular characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia psittaci plasmids. Infection and Immunity 51:699–703
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Kado C.I., Liu S. 1981; Rapid procedure for detection and isolation of large and small plasmids. Journal of Bacteriology 145:1365–1373
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Kay W.W., Buckley J.T., Ishiguro E.E., Phipps B.M., Monette J., Trust T.J. 1981; Purification and disposition of a surface protein associated with virulence of Aeromonas salmonicida . Journal of Bacteriology 147:1077–1084
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Kimura T. 1969; A new subspecies of Aeromonas salmonicida as an etiological agent of furunculosis on ‘Sakuramascu’ (Oncorhynchus masou) and pink salmon (O. gorbuscha): on the morphological and physiological properties. Fish Pathology 3:34–44
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Korch C., Hagblom P., Ohman H., Goransson M., Normark S. 1985; Cryptic plasmid of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: complete nucleotide sequence and genetic organization. Journal of Bacteriology 163:430–438
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Laemmli U.K. 1970; Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, London 221:680–685
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Maniatis T., Fritsch E.F., Sambrook J. 1982 Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Mccarthy D.H. 1978 A study of the taxonomic status of some bacteria currently assigned to the genus Aeromonas PhD thesis Council of National Academic Awards, Great Britain
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Palva E.T., Hirst T.R., Hardy S.J.S., Holmgren J., Randall L. 1981; Synthesis of a precursor to the B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin in Escherichia coli . Journal of Bacteriology 146:325–330
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Paterson W.D., Douey D., Desautels D. 1980; Isolation and identification of an atypical Aeromonas salmonicida strain causing epizootic losses among Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) reared in a Nova Scotian hatchery. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37:2236–2241
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Pollock M.R., Richmond M.H. 1962; Low cysteine content of bacterial extracellular proteins: its possible physiological significance. Nature, London 194:446–449
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Portnoy D.A., Moseley S.L., Falkow S. 1981; Characterization of plasmids and plasmid-associated determinants of Yersinia enterocolitica pathogenesis. Infection and Immunity 31:775–782
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Shaw W.V. 1975; Chloramphenicol acetyltransfer- ase from chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria. Methods in Enzymology 43:737–755
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Shotts E.B. Jr Talkington F.D., Elliot D.G., Mccarthy D.H. 1980; Aetiology of an ulcerative disease in goldfish, Carassius auratus (L): characterization of the causative agent. Journal of Fish Diseases 3:181–186
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Smith I.W. 1963; The classification of ‘Bacterium salmonicida’ . Journal of General Microbiology 33:263–274
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Toranzo A.E., Barja J.L., Colwell R.R., Hetrick F.M. 1983; Characterization of plasmids in bacterial fish pathogens. Infection and Immunity 39:184–192
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Trust T.J. 1986; Pathogenesis of infectious diseases of fish. Annual Review of Microbiology 40:479–502
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Trust T.J., Khouri A.G., Austen R.A., Ashburner L.D. 1980; First isolation in Australia of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida . FEMS Microbiology Letters 9:39–42
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Udey L.R., Fryer J.L. 1978; Immunization of fish with bacterins of Aeromonas salmonicida . Marine Fisheries Review 40:12–17
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Whittington R.J., Gudkovs N., Carrigan M.J., Ashburner L.D., Thurstan S.J. 1987; Clinical, microbiological and epidemiological findings in recent outbreaks of goldfish ulcer due to atypical Aeromonas salmonicida in south-eastern Australia. Journal of Fish Diseases 10:353–362
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Willis R.C., Morris R.G., Cirakoglu C., Schellenberg G.D., Gerber N.H., Furlong C.E. 1974; Preparation of periplasmic binding proteins from Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 161:64–75
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Yang H.L., Ivanshkiv L., Chen H.Z., Zubay G., Cashel M. 1980; Cell-free coupled transcription- translation system for investigation of linear DNA segments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 77:7029–7033
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-3-513
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-135-3-513
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed