1887

Abstract

strain 163K tends to move in multicellular configurations, either as pairs or small groups of three or more cells, or as chain-like aggregations or microcolonies. Such wandering groups arise by transient association of independently moving cells. This behaviour of was microscopically investigated and documented by sequences of microcinematographic pictures, as well as by photomicrographically recorded motility tracks. The presence of an extracellular slime layer was demonstrated in thin sections, by negative staining and by scanning electron microscopy. The possible association of this layer with the cohesive properties of the mycoplasma cells, enabling the formation of wandering groups, is discussed and a calculation of the magnitude of the cohesive force is provided.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-134-2-275
1988-02-01
2024-04-20
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/134/2/mic-134-2-275.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-134-2-275&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ajufo J.C., Whithear K.G. 1978; Evidence for a ruthenium red-staining extracellular layer as the haemagglutinin of the WVU 1853 strain of Mycoplasma synoviae. Australian Veterinary Research 54:502–504
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Andrewes C.H., Welch F.V. 1946; A motile organism of the pleuropneumonia group. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 58:578–580
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bredt W. 1979; Motility. In The Mycoplasmas pp. 141–155 Edited by Barile M. F., Razin S. New York, San Francisco & London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bredt W., Radestock U. 1977; Gliding motility of Mycoplasma pulmonis. Journal of Bacteriology 130:937–938
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Burchard R.P. 1984; Gliding motility and taxes. In Myxobacteria: Development and Cell Interactions pp. 139–161 Edited by Rosenberg E. New York: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Costerton J.W.F., Murray R.G.E., Robinow C.F. 1961; Observations on the motility and structure of Vitreoscilla. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 7:329–339
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Erdmann T. 1976 Morphologie, Vermehrung und Beweglichkeit von Mycoplasma gallisepticum MD thesis, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat, Mainz, FRG
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fischer M., Kirchhoff H., Rosengarten R., Kerlen G., Seack K.-H. 1987; Gliding movement of Mycoplasma sp.nov. strain 163K on erythrocytes. FEMS Microbiology Letters 40:321–324
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hodgin J., Kaiser D. 1979a; Genetics of gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus (Myxobacterales): genes controlling movements of single cells. Molecular and General Genetics 171:167–176
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hodgin J., Kaiser D. 1979b; Genetics of gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus (Myxobacterales): two gene systems control movement. Molecular and General Genetics 171:177–191
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Humphrey B.A., Dickson M.R., Marshall K.C. 1979; Physicochemical and in situ observations on the adhesion of gliding bacteria to surfaces. Archives of Microbiology 120:231–238
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kaiser D., Crosby C. 1983; Cell movement and its coordination in swarms of Myxococcus xanthus. Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 3:227–245
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kaiser D., Manoil C., Dworkin M. 1979; Myxobacteria: cell interactions, genetics and development. Annual Review of Microbiology 33:595–639
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kirchhoff H., Rosengarten R. 1984; Isolation of a motile mycoplasma from fish. Journal of General Microbiology 130:2439–2445
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kirchhoff H., Rosengarten R., Chercheletzi C. 1983; Isolation of mycoplasmas from a tench (Tinca tinca L). Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 56:841–842
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kirchhoff H., Rosengarten R., Lotz W., Fischer M., Lopatta D. 1984; Flask-shaped mycoplasmas: properties and pathogenicity for man and animals. Israel Journal of Medical Sciences 20:848–853
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kirchhoff H., Boldt U., Rosengarten R., Klein-Struckmeier A. 1987a; Chemotactic response of a gliding mycoplasma. Current Microbiology 15:57–60
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kirchhoff H., Beyene P., Fischer M., Flossdorf J., Heitmann J., Khattab B., Lopatta D., Rosengarten R., Seidel G., Yousef C. 1987b; Mycoplasma mobile sp nov., a new species from fish. Innternational Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 37:192–197
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kühlwein H., Reichenbach H. 1965; Schwarmentwicklung und Morphogenese bei Myxobakterien: Archangium-Myxococcus-Chondrococcus-Chondromyces. Scientific film C893 Göttingen: Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Luft J.H. 1971; Ruthenium red and violet. I. Chemistry, purification, methods of use for electron microscopy and mechanism of action. Anatomical Record 171:347–368
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Marshall K.C., Cruickshank R.H. 1973; Cell surface hydrophobicity and the orientation of certain bacteria at interfaces. Archiv für Mikrobiologie 91:29–40
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Marshall K.C., Stout R., Mitchell R. 1971; Mechanism of the initial events in the sorption of marine bacteria to surfaces. Journal of General Microbiology 68:337–348
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Radestock U., Bredt W. 1977; Motility of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Journal of Bacteriology 129:1495–1501
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Reichenbach H. 1981; Taxonomy of the gliding bacteria. Annual Review of Microbiology 35:339–364
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Reichenbach H. 1984; Myxobacteria: a most peculiar group of social prokaryotes. In Myxobacteria: Development and Cell Interactions, pp. 1–50 Edited by Rosenberg E. New York: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Rosengarten R., Kirchhoff H. 1987a; Gliding motility of Mycoplasma sp.nov. strain 163K. Journal of Bacteriology 169:1891–1898
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Rosengarten R., Kirchhoff H. 1987b; Energetic aspects of the gliding motility of mycoplasmas. Current Microbiology (in the Press)
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Rosengarten R., Fischer M., Kirchhoff H., Kerlen G., Seack K.-H. 1987; Transport of erythrocytes by gliding cells of Mycoplasma mobile 163K. Current Microbiology (in the Press)
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Shimkets L.J. 1986; Correlation of energy-dependent cell cohesion with social motility in Myxococcus xanthus. Journal of Bacteriology 166:837–841
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Springer E.L., Roth I.L. 1973; The ultrastructure of the capsules of Diplococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae stained with ruthenium red. Journal of General Microbiology 74:21–31
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Tajima M., Yagihashi T., Miki Y. 1982; Capsular material of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and its possible relevance to the pathogenic process. Infection and Immunity 36:803–833
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Taylor-Robinson D., Bredt W. 1983; Motility of Mycoplasmastrain G37. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 56:910–911
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Wilson M.H., Collier A.M. 1976; Ultrastructural study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in organ culture. Journal of Bacteriology 125:332–339
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-134-2-275
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-134-2-275
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error