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A 7·8 kb plasmid (pQM17) encoding mercury resistance was isolated from two epilithic strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The plasmid had a broad host range when mobilized by RP1, transferring into Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. putida, P. fluorescens, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Chromobacterium sp. with frequencies ranging from 5·3 × 10−9 to 4·6 × 10−4 per recipient. The plasmid could be transferred into A. calcoaceticus BD413 using intact cells of donor and recipient bacteria (i.e. natural transformation) and there was a broad temperature optimum (14–37 °C) for transformation. Transformation was as efficient in liquid matings as on plates but there was no effect of pH in the range 5·6–7·9. Maximum transformation frequencies were obtained after 24 h on agar plates containing 3·5–10 g C1−1 with donor to recipient ratios ranging from 6 to 415.
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