H2, a Temperate Bacteriophage Isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain H

SUMMARY: Bacillus amyloliquefuciens strain H is lysogenic for a large temperate phage we call H2. H2 has a polyhedral head 85 nm in diameter and a tail of about 17 × 434 nm. H2 lysogenizes Bacillus subtilis between the tyrA and metB genes, and gives specialized transduction of metB and, at lower frequencies, of ilvD and ilvA. The phage carries a thymidylate synthase gene and converts thymine auxotrophs of B. subtilis to prototrophy. The H2 genome is a linear DNA molecule about 129 kb in length. DNA extracted from phage particles grown in B. subtilis is not cut by the restriction endonucleases HaeIII, Fnu4H1, Bspl2861, and BamHI; the latter enzyme is produced by B. amyloliquefaciens strain H. The prophage in lysogenic B. subtilis cells can be cut by these enzymes. We have isolated H2 mutants that carry the transposon Tn917, or a mutation resulting in clear-plaque morphology, or both.