1887

Abstract

Changes in membrane lipid composition of were studied during acetone-butanol fermentation. Large changes were found in phospholipid composition and in fatty acid composition, the latter characterized mainly by a decrease in the unsaturated/saturated fatty acid (U/S) ratio. The effects of the addition of alcohols (ethanol, butanol, hexanol and octanol) and of acetone were also studied. In all cases, large changes were observed in the U/S ratio but with differences which were related to the chain lengths of the alcohols. The effect of solvents appears to account for a large part of the changes in lipid composition observed during the fermentation. The pH was also important, a decrease in pH resulting in a decrease in the U/S ratio and in an increase in cyclopropane fatty acids. The effect of increasing temperature was mainly to increase fatty acid chain lengths.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-133-1-103
1987-01-01
2024-10-09
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/133/1/mic-133-1-103.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-133-1-103&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Balch W. E., Fox G. E., Magrum L. J., Woese C. R., Wolpe R. S. 1979; Methanogens: reevaluation of a unique biological group. Microbiological Reviews 43:260–296
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Baumann N. A., Hagen P. O., Goldfine H. 1965; Phospholipids of Clostridium butyricum. Studies on plasmalogen composition and biosynthesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 240:1559–1567
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bligh E. G., Dyer W. J. 1959; A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology 37:911–917
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Folch J., Lees M., Sloane-Stanley G. H. 1957; A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226:497–509
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Gentner P. R., Bauer M., Dieterich I. 1981; Separation of major phospholipids classes of milk without previous isolation from total lipid extracts. Journal of Chromatography 206:200–204
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Goldfine H., Bloch K. 1961; On the origin of unsaturated fatty acids in Clostridia. Journal of Biological Chemistry 236:2596–2601
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hermann M., Fayolle F., Marchal R., Podvin L., Sebald M., Vandecasteele J. P. 1985; Isolation and characterization of butanol resistant mutants of Clostridium acetobutylicum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 50:1238–1243
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Herrero A. A., Gomez R. F., Roberts M. F. 1982; Ethanol-induced changes in the membrane lipid composition of Clostridium thermocellum. Bio- chimica et biophysica acta 693:195–204
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Ingram L. O. 1976; Adaptation of membrane lipids to alcohols. Journal of Bacteriology 125:670–678
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Jain M. K., Wu N. M. 1977; Effect of small molecules on the dipalmitoyl lecithin liposomal bilayer. III. Phase transition in lipid bilayer. Journal of Membrane Biology 34:157–201
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Jain M. K., Gleeson J., Upreti A., Upreti G. G. 1978; Intrinsic perturbing ability of alkanols in lipid bilayers. Biochimica et biophysica acta 509:1–8
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Johnston N. C., Goldfine H. 1983; Lipid composition in the classification of the butyric acid-producing Clostridia. Journal of General Microbiology 129:1075–1081
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Khuller G. K., Goldfine H. 1974; Phospholipids of Clostridium butyricum. V. Effects of growth temperature on fatty acid alk-l-enyl ether group, and phospholipid composition. Journal of Lipid Research 15:500–507
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Koga Y., Goldfine H. 1984; Biosynthesis of phospholipids in Clostridium butyricum : kinetics of synthesis of plasmalogens and the glycerol acetal of ethanolamine plasmalogen. Journal of Bacteriology 159:597–604
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Marr A. G., Ingraham I. L. 1962; Effect of temperature on the composition of fatty acids in Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology 84:1260–1267
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Matsumoto M., Tamiya K., Koizumi K. 1971; Neutral lipids and a new type of aldehydogenic ethanolamine phospholipid in Clostridium butyricum. Journal of Biochemistry 69:617–620
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Moreira A. R., Ulmer A. C., Linden J. C. 1981; Butanol toxicity in the butylic fermentation. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Symposium 11:567–579
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Morrison W. R., Smith L. M. 1964; Preparation of fatty acids methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride-methanol. Journal of Lipid Research 5:600–608
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Nelson G. J. 1975; Isolation and purification of lipids from animal tissues. In Analysis of Lipids and Lipoproteins pp. 1–22 Perkins E. G. Edited by Champaign: American Oil Chemists’ Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ogata S., Vosnino S., Okuma Y., Hayashida S. 1982; Chemical composition of autoplast membrane of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 28:293–301
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Pelick N., Mahadeyan V. 1975; Lipids derivates and gas liquid chromatography. In Analysis of Lipids and Lipoproteins pp. 23–35 Perkins E. G. Edited by Champaign: American Oil Chemists’ Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Rock C. O., Cronan J. E. Jr 1982; Regulation of bacterial membrane lipid synthesis. Current Topics in Membranes and Transport 17:207–233
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Rouser G., Fleischer S., Yamamoto A. 1970; Two dimensional thin layer chromatographic separation of polar lipids and determination of phospholipids by phosphorus analysis of spots. Lipids 5:494–496
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Russell N. J. 1984; Mechanisms of thermal adaptation in bacteria: blueprints for survival. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 9:108–112
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Sinensky M. 1974; Homeoviscous adaptation. A homeostatic process that regulates the viscosity of membrane lipids in Escherichia coli. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 71:522–525
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Viswanathan C. V., Phillips F., Lundberg W. O. 1968; Two-dimensional reaction thin-layer chromatography in the analysis of phosphatide plasmalogens. Journal of Chromatography 35:66–71
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Vollherbst-Schneck K., Sand J. A., Montene-Court B. S. 1984; Effect of butanol on lipid composition and fluidity of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 47:193–194
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Walton V., Martin J. L. 1979; Production of butanol-acetone by fermentation. In Microbial Technology 1 pp. 187–209 Peppier H. J., Perlman D. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-133-1-103
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-133-1-103
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error