Skip to content
1887

Microbiology Society logo Microbiology

Volume 132, Issue 8

Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity of and White Line Reacting Organisms Isolated from Cultivated Mushrooms Free

Abstract

Summary: We compared 21 bacterial strains isolated in Belgium from cultivated and showing typical brown blotch symptoms, with 12 culture collection strains of , nine strains causing drippy gill, four strains causing ginger blotch, three strains responsible for mummy disease, three saprophytic , four and three strains. All strains were characterized by 147 auxanographic API tests (API 50CH, API 50AO, API 50AA) and by 128 (for 14 strains, 55) additional biochemical, serological and phytopathological features. The results were analysed by numerical methods. Taking into account also results obtained by gel electrophoresis of soluble proteins and by DNA:DNA hybridizations, we were able to differentiate seven groups, corresponding respectively to (phenon I), biovar II (phenon II), (phenon III), , including nine of our own isolates (phenon IV), the so-called white line reacting organisms, containing 11 of our own isolates (phenon V), two mummy disease isolates (phenon VI) and (phenon VII). formed a homogeneous group, containing both virulent and avirulent strains. The saprophytic white line reacting organisms of phenon V were, despite their phenotypic similarity, heterogeneous genotypically and in their gel electrophoresis patterns. A determinative scheme for the differentiation of , the white line reacting organisms and the other species occurring on mushrooms is proposed.

  • Received:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
© Society for General Microbiology 1986
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-132-8-2249
1986-08-01
2025-01-17
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/132/8/mic-132-8-2249.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-132-8-2249&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bauer A. W., Kirby W. M. M., Sherris J. C., Turck M. 1966; Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 45:493–497
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bonham-Carter G. F. 1967; Fortran IV Programfor Q-mode Cluster Analysis of Nonquantitative Data Using IBM 7090/7094 Computers. Kansas Geological Survey Computer Program Lawrence, USA: University of Kansas;
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Cutri S. S., Macauley B. J., Roberts W. P. 1984; Characteristics of pathogenic non-fluorescent (smooth) and non-pathogenic fluorescent (rough) forms of Pseudomonas tolaasii and Pseudo-monas gingeri . Journal of Applied Bacteriology 57:291–298
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Deley J., Cattoir H., Reynaerts A. 1970; The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. European Journal of Bio-chemistry 12:133–142
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Devos P., Deley J. 1983; Intra-and intergeneric similarities ofPseudomonas and Xanthomonas riboso-mal ribonucleic acid cistrons. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 33:487–509
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Devos P., Goor M., Gillis M., Deley J. 1985; Ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistron similarities of phytopat hogenic Pseudomonas species . International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 35:169–184
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Dye D. W. 1968; A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia.I. The ‘amylovora’ group . New Zealand Journal of Science 11:590–607
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Fahy P. C. 1981; The taxonomy of the bacterial plant pathogens of mushroom culture. Mushroom Science 11:293–311
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Hugh R., Leifson E. 1953; The taxonomic significance of fermentative versus oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates by various Gram-negative bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology 66:24–26
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Kersters K., Deley J. 1975; Identification and grouping of bacteria by numerical analysis of their electrophoretic protein patterns. Journal of General Microbiology 87:333–342
     [Google Scholar]
  11. King E. O., Ward W. K., Raney D. E. 1954; Two simple media for the demonstration of pyo-cyanin and fluorescein. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 44:301–307
     [Google Scholar]
  12. KovaÁcs N. 1956; Identification of Pseudomonas pyocyanea by the oxidase reaction. Nature, London 178:703
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Lapage S. P., Sneath P. H. A., Lessel E. F., Skerman V. B. D., Seeliger H. P. R., Clark W. A. (editors) 1975; International Code of Nomencla-ture of Bacteria. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Laroche M., VeRiioyen M. 1981; Identification serologique des phytobacteries en Belgique. Mededelingen van de Faculteit van de Landbouwwetenschap-pen, Rljksuniversiteit Gent 46/3:757–771
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Lelliott R. A., Billing E., Hayward A. C. 1966; A determinative scheme for the fluorescent plant pathogenic pseudomonads. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 29:470–489
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Macfaddin J. F. 1976 Biochemical Tests for Identification of Medical Bacteria Baltimore:: Williams & Wilkins;
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Marmur J. l961; A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from micro-organisms. Journal of Molecular Biology 3:208–218
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Moller V. 1955; Simplified test for some amino acid decarboxylases and for the arginine dihydrolase system. Acta pathologica et microbiologica scandinavica 36:158–172
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Olivier J.M., Guillaumes J., Martin 0. 1978; Study of a bacterial disease of mushroom caps. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, Angers pp. 903–916
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Paine S. G. 1919; Studies in bacteriosis. II. A brown blotch disease of cultivated mushrooms. Annals of Applied Biology 5:206–2l9
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Palleroni N. J. 1984; Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula 1894. In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology vol. 1: pp. 141–199 Edited by Krieg N. R. Baltimore/London, Ontario::
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Preece T. F., Wong w. C. 1982; Quantitative and scanning electron microscope observations on the attachment of Pseudomonas tolaasii and other bacteria to the surface of Agaricus bisporus. Physiological Plant Pathology 21:251–257
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Schisler L. C., Sinden J. W., Sigel E. M. 1968; Etiology of mummy disease of cultivated musharooms. Phytopathology 58:944–948
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Sierra G. 1957; A simple method for the detection of lipolytic activity of microorganisms and some observations on the influence of the contact between cells and fatty substrates. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 23:l5–22
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Skerman V. B. O., Mcgowan V., Sneath P.H. A. 1980; A pp roved Lists of Bacterial Names. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 30:225–420
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Sneath P. H. A. 1956; Cultural and biochemical characteristics genus Chromobacterium. Journal of General Microbiology 15:70–98
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Sneath P. H. A., Sokal R. R. 1973; Numerical Taxonomy. The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification San Francisco: W. H. Freeman;
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Stanier R. Y., Palleroni N. J., Ooudoroff M. l966; The aerobic pseudomonads: taxonomic study. Journal of General Microbiology 43:l59–27l
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Tolaas A. G. 1915; A bacterial disease of cultivated mushrooms. Phytopathology 5:51–54
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Wishart D. 1978; Clustan User Manual. , 3rd. edn Interuniversity Research Councils Series, Report no 47
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Wong W. C., Preece T. F. 1979; Identification of Pseudomonas tolaasii: the white line test in agar and mushroom tissue block rapid pitting tests. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 47:401–407
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Wong W. C., Fletcher J. T., Unsworth B. A., Preece T. F. 1982; A note on ginger blotch, a new bacterial disease of the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 52:43–48
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Young J.M. 1970; Drippy gill-a bacterial disease of cultivated mushrooms caused by Pseudomonas agarici n. sp. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 13:977–990
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Zarkower P. A., Wuest P. J., Royse D. J., Myers B. 1984; Phenotypic traits of fluorescent pseudomonads causing bacterial blotch of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms and other mushroom-derived fluorescent pseudomonads. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 30:360–367
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-132-8-2249
Loading
Phenotypic and Genotypic Diversity of Pseudomonas tolaasii and White Line Reacting Organisms Isolated from Cultivated Mushrooms
Microbiology 132, 2249 (1986); https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-132-8-2249
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-132-8-2249
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-132-8-2249
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error