1887

Abstract

The infectious yeast is capable of growing in either a budding or mycelium form, depending upon the pH of the supporting medium. By monitoring the position of polylysine-coated beads firmly attached to the wall of growing cells, the zones of expansion for the surface of the cell wall have been mapped for the alternative growth forms. Both spatial and temporal differences are demonstrated to exist. During roughly the first two-thirds of bud growth, a very small, highly active apical zone accounts for roughly 70% of surface expansion. The remaining 30% is due to general expansion. When a bud reaches approximately two-thirds of its final surface area, the apical zone shuts down, and subsequent expansion is completed by the general mechanism. During mycelial growth, at least 90% of expansion is due to a small, highly active apical growth zone, and less than 10% is due to the general mechanism. In contrast to budding cells, the apical zone of the growing mycelium never shuts down as long as growth continues in the mycelial form. These distinct temporal and spatial differences in expansion are considered in terms of the regulation of alternative phenotypes in .

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-6-1467
1985-06-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/131/6/mic-131-6-1467.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-6-1467&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bartnicki-Garcia S., Lippman E. 1969; Fungal morphogenesis: cell wall construction. in Mucor rouxii. Science 165:302–304
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bedell G., Soll D. R. 1979; The effects of low concentration of zinc on the growth and dimorphism of Candida albicans: evidence for zinc-resistant and zinc-sensitive pathways for mycelium formation. Injection and Immunity 36:348–354
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bedell G., Werth A., Soll D. R. 1980; The regulation of nuclear migration during synchronous bud formation in released stationary phase cultures of the yeast Candida albicans. Experimental Cell Research 127:103–113
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Biely P., Kovarik J., Bauer S. 1973; Cell wall formation in yeast, an electron microscopic auto-radiographic study. Archives of Microbiology 94:365–371
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Brummel M., Soll D. R. 1982; The temporal regulation of protein synthesis during synchronous bud or mycelium formation in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans. Developmental Biology 89:211–224
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Buffo J., Herman M. A., Soll D. R. 1984; A characterization of pH-regulated dimorphism in Candida albicans. Mycopathologia 85:1–30
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Chaffin W. L., Sogin S. L. 1976; Germ tube formation from zonal rotor fractions of Candida albicans. Journal of Bacteriology 126:771–776
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Farkas V. 1979; Biosynthesis of cell walls of fungi. Microbiological Reviews 43:117–144
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Farkas V., Kovarik J., Kosinova A., Bauer S. 1974; Autoradiographic study of mannan incorporation into the growing cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Bacteriology 117:265–269
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Galun M. A., Braun A., Frensdorff A., Galun E. 1976; Hyphal walls of isolated lichen fungi. Autoradiographic localization of precursor incorporation and binding of fluorescein-conjugated lectins. Archives of Microbiology 108:9–16
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gooday G. W. 1971; An autoradiographic study of hyphal growth of some fungi. Journal of General Microbiology 67:125–133
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Gow N. A. R., Gooday G. W. 1982; Growth kinetics and morphology of colonies of the filamentous form of Candida albicans. Journal of General Microbiology 128:2187–2194
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Herman M. A., Soll D. R. 1984; A comparison of volume growth during bud and mycelium formation in Candida albicans: a single cell analysis. Journal of General Microbiology 130:2219–2228
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hunsley D., Kay D. 1976; Wall structure of the Neurospora hyphal apex: immunofluorescent localization of wall surface antigens. Journal of General Microbiology 95:233–248
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lee K. L., Buckley H. R., Campbell H. R. 1975; An amino acid liquid synthetic medium for development of mycelial and yeast forms of Candida albicans. Sabouraudia 13:148–153
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Marchant R., Smith D. G. 1968; A serological investigation of hyphal growth in Fusarium culmorum. Archives of Microbiology 63:85–94
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Mitchell L., Soll D. R. 1979a; Commitment to germ tube or bud formation during release from stationary phase in Candida albicans. Experimental Cell Research 120:167–179
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Mitchell L., Soll D. R. 1979b; Septation during synchronous mycelium and bud formation in released stationary phase cultures of Candida albicans. Experimental Mycology 3:298–309
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Soll D. R. 1984; The cell cycle and commitment to alternate cell fates in Candida albicans. In The Microbial Cell Cycle143–162 Nurse P., Streiblova E. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Soll D. R. 1985; The role of zinc in Candida dimorphism. In Current Topics in Medical Mycology 1 McGinnis M. R. New York: Springer-Verlag (in the Press);
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Soll D. R., Bedell G. W. 1978; Bud formation and the inducibility of pseudo-mycelium outgrowth during release from stationary phase in Candida albicans. Journal of General Microbiology 108:173–180
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Soll D. R., Herman M. A. 1983; Growth and the inducibility of mycelium formation in Candida albicans: a single-cell analysis using a perfusion chamber. Journal of General Microbiology 129:2809–2824
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Soll D. R., Mitchell L. H. 1983; Filament ring formation in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans. Journal of Cell Biology 96:486–493
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Soll D. R., Stasi M., Bedell G. W. 1978; The regulation of nuclear migration and division during pseudo-mycelium outgrowth in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans. Experimental Cell Research 116:207–215
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Soll D. R., Bedell G. W., Brummel M. 1981a; Zinc and the regulation of growth and phenotype in the infectious yeast Candida albicans. Infection and Immunity 32:1139–1147
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Soll D. R., Bedell G., Theil J., Brummel M. 1981b; he dependency of nuclear division on volume in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans. Experimental Cell Research 133:55–62
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Tkacz J. S., Lampen J. O. 1972; Wall replication in Saccharomyces species: use of fluorescein-conjugated Concanavalin A to reveal the site of mannan insertion. Journal of General Microbiology 72:243–247
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Wain W. H., Price M. F., Brayton A. R., Cawson R. A. 1976; Macromolecular synthesis during the cell cycles of yeast and hyphal phases of Candida albicans. Journal of General Microbiology 97:211–217
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-6-1467
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-6-1467
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error