The kinetics of mouse salmonellosis caused by Salmonella typhimurium was studied in mice preinjected with the IgM or IgG fraction prepared from a rabbit anti-Salmonella serum. Compared on the basis of antibody units determined by an enzyme immunoassay, IgM was ten times more effective than IgG in promoting removal of the bacteria from blood after intravenous (IV) injection and their uptake in the reticuloendothelial system (RES). The subsequent killing of the bacteria was, however, only minor, in accord with the negligible protective effect of serum antibodies in IV infection. IgM was over 1000 times more effective than IgG in promoting killing of the bacteria after intraperitoneal (IP) challenge. Neither antibody had an effect on the multiplication of the bacteria in the RES. The protective action of antibody was thus almost entirely mediated by peritoneal-cavity cells acting in the very early phase of infection. The greater effect of IgM is suggested to be a special feature of Salmonella infections, connected with the capacity of these bacteria for intracellular survival and multiplication in the RES.
AkedaH., MitsuyamaM., TatsukawaK., NomotoK., TakeyaK.1981; The synergistic contribution of macrophages and antibody to protection against Salmonella typhimurium during the early phase of infection. Journal of General Microbiology 123:209–214
BiancoC., GriffinF. M.JRSilverstbinS. C.1975; Studies of the macrophage complement receptor. Alteration of receptor function upon macrophage activation. Journal of Experimental Medicine 141:1278–1283
BiozziG.1972; Differential susceptibility of high and low antibody producing mouse lines to infection and tumour transplantation. In Genetic Control of Immune Responsiveness pp. 317–327McdevittH. O., LandyM. Edited by New York: Academic Press;
BrilesD. E., LehmayerJ., FormanC.1981; Phagocytosis and killing of Salmonella typhimurium by peritoneal exudate cells. Infection and Immunity 33:380–388
CollinsF. M.1969; Effect of immune mouse serum on the growth of Salmonella enteritidis in non- vaccinated mice challenged by various routes. Journal of Bacteriology 97:667–675
FrankM. M., SchreiberA. D., AtkinsonJ. P.1975; Studies of the interaction of antibody complement, and macrophages in the immune clearance of erythrocytes. In The Phagocytic Cell in Host Resistance pp. 101–115BellantiJ. A., DaytonD. H. Edited by New York: Raven Press;
FrakerP. J., SpeckJ. C.JR1978; Protein and cell membrane iodinations with a sparingly soluble cloroamide, 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3a,6oc,diphenylgly- coluril. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 80:849–853
HoisethS. K., StockerB. A. D. 1981; Aromatic- dependent Salmonella typhimurium are non-virulent and effective as live vaccines. Nature; London: 291238–239
HormaecheC. E., BrokJ., PettiforR.1980; Natural resistance to mouse-typhoid : Possible role of the macrophage. In Genetic Control of Natural Resistance to Infection and Malignancy pp. 121–131SkameneE., KongshavnP. A. L, LandyM. Edited by New York: Academic Press;
JenkinC. R., RowleyD.1965; Partial purification of the ‘protective’ antigen of Salmonella typhimurium and its distribution amongst various strains of bacteria. Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Sciences 43:65–71
LevineM. M., HornickR. B.1981; Immunology of enteric pathogens, Salmonella, Shigella, and Escherichia coli. In Immunology of Human Infection pp. 249–290NahmiasA. J., O'ReillyR. J. Edited by New York: Plenum;
Liang-TAKASAKIC.-J., MäKELäP. H., LeiveL.1982; Phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages: changing the carbohydrate of lipopolysaccharide alters interaction with complement and macrophages. Journal of Immunology 128:1229–1233
Liang-TAKASAKIC.-J., SaxénH., MäKELäP. H., LeiveL.1983a; Complement activation by polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharide: an important virulence determinant of Salmonellae. Infection and Immunity 41:563–569
Liang-TAKASAKIC.-J., GrossmanN., LeiveL.1983b; Salmonellae activate complement differentially via the alternative pathway depending on the structure of their lipopolysaccharide O-antigen. Journal of Immunology 130:1867–1870
O’BRIENA. D., ScherI., CampbellG. H., Mac-DERMOTTR. P., FormalS. B.1979a; Susceptibility of CBA/N mice to infection with Salmonella typhimurium: Influence of the X-linked gene controlling B lymphocyte function. Journal of Immunology 123:720–740
O’BRIENA. D., ScherI., FormalS. B.1979b; Effect of silica on the innate resistance of inbred mice to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Infection and Immunity 25:513–520
ØRSKOVJ., MoltkeO.1928; Studien fiber den Infektionsmechanismus bei verschiedenen Paraty- phus-Infektionen an weissen Mausen. Zeitschriftfur Immunitatsforschung 59:357–405
ØRSKOVJ., JensenK. A., KobayashiK.1928; Studien liber die Bedeurung der Breslaumfelstron der Miuse speziell mit Rucksicht auf die Bedeutung des Retikuloendothelialgewebes. Zeitschrift fur Immunitatsforschung 55:34–68
RobbinsJ. B., KennyK., SuterE.1965; The isolation and biological activities of rabbit IgM- and IgG-anti-Salmonella typhimurium antibodies. Journal of Experimental Medicine 122:385–401
SaxénH., MäKELäO.1982; The protective capacity of immune sera in experimental mouse salmonellosis is mainly due to IgM antibodies. Immunology Letters 5:267–272
SaxénH., HoviM., MäKELäP. H.1984a; Lipopolysaccharide and mouse virulence of Salmonella: O antigen affects phagocytic killing and virulence after intraperitoneal but not intravenous challenge. FEMS Letters (in the Press)
ValtonenV. V.1970; Mouse virulence of Salmonella strains: the effect of different smooth-type O-side chains. Journal of General Microbiology 64:255–268