1887

Abstract

The stimulation by betaine of vitamin B and extracellular coproporphyrin production in the industrial species GY57/2 was confirmed using a replacement culture technique; biosynthesis of haem was also found to be stimulated. In the absence of betaine, -aminolaevulinic acid synthase decreased in specific activity from time zero. In the presence of betaine, the enzyme activity increased markedly after 3 h and then decreased after exhaustion of extracellular betaine. The peak specific activity of -aminolaevulinic acid synthase increased in a dose-dependent manner. The enzyme was inhibited by haem. -Aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase was present in considerable excess over -aminolaevulinic acid synthase under all conditions studied and its specific activity was not affected by the addition of betaine. Our tentative conclusion is that the betaine effect is exerted via some positive effect on -aminolaevulinic acid synthase, the initial, rate-limiting and very labile enzyme of porphyrin and corrin biosynthesis.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-130-4-835
1984-04-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/130/4/mic-130-4-835.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-130-4-835&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ansbacker S., Hill H. H. 1949; Selective synthesis of APF complex by fermentation. Abstracts of the 116th Meeting of the American Chemical Society 31A:
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Barak A. J., Tuma D. J. 1979; A simplified procedure for the determination of betaine in liver. Lipids 14:860–863
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bradford M. 1976; A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72:248–254
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Burnham B. F. 1970; δ-Aminolevulinic acid synthetase. Methods in Enzymology 17A:195–200
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Burnham B. F., Lascelles J. 1963; Control of porphyrin biosynthesis through a negative-feedback mechanism. Biochemical Journal 87:462–472
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Chandrika S. R., Kumar C. C., Padmanaban G. 1980; Characterization of protoporphyrin as the physiological regulator of δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase in Neurospora crassa. Biochimica et biophysica acta 607:331–338
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Cuthbertson W.F.J., Pegler H. F., Lloyd J. T. 1951; The assay of vitamin B12. Part III. Microbiological estimation with Lactobacillus lactis Dorner by the plate method. Analyst 76:133–140
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Daniels H. J. 1970; Some factors influencing vitamin B12 production by Pseudomonas denitrificans. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 16:809–815
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Demain A. L., White R. F. 1971; Porphyrin overproduction by Pseudomonas denitrificans: essentiality of betaine and ethionine. Journal of Bacteriology 107:456–460
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Demain A. L., Daniels H. J., Schnabel L., White R. F. 1968; Specificity of the stimulatory effect of betaine on the vitamin B12 fermentation. Nature; London: 2201324–1325
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Granick S. 1966; The induction in vitro of the synthesis of δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in chemical porphyria: a response to certain drugs, sex hormones and foreign compounds. Journal of Biological Chemistry 241:1359–1375
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Israels L. G. 1973; Report on the discussion of the session on regulation of hepatic δ-aminolevulinic acid synthase. Enzyme 16:302–304
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Lago B. D., Demain A. L. 1969; Alternate requirement for vitamin B12 or methionine in mutants of Pseudomonas denitrificans, a vitamin B12-producing bacterium. Journal of Bacteriology 99:347–349
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Lascelles J., Hatch T. P. 1969; Bacteriochloro- phyll and heme synthesis in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides : possible role of heme in regulation of the branched biosynthetic pathway. Journal of Bacteriology 98:712–720
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Paul K. G., Theorell H., Akeson A. 1953; The molar light absorption of pyridine ferroprotoporphyrin (pyridine haemochromogen). Acta chemica scandinavica 7:1284–1287
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Rimington C. 1960; Spectral-absorption coefficients of some porphyrins in the Soret-band region. Biochemical Journal 75:620–623
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Shemin D. 1970; δ-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase. Methods in Enzymology 17A:205–211
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Shemin D., Corcoran J. W., Rosenblum C., Miller I. M. 1956; On the biosynthesis of the porphyrin-like moiety of vitamin B17. Science 124:272
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Sinclair P. R., Granick S. 1975; Heme control on the synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in cultured chick embryo liver cells. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 244:509–520
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Teale F.W.J. 1959; Cleavage of the haem-protein link by acid methylethylketone. Biochimica et biophysica acta 35:543
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Wall J. S., Christianson D. C., Dimler R. J., Senti F. R. 1960; Spectrophotometric determination of betaines and other quaternary nitrogen compounds as their periodides. Analytical Chemistry 32:870–878
    [Google Scholar]
  22. White R. F., Demain A. L. 1971; Catabolism of betaine and its relationship to cobalamin overproduction. Biochimica et biophysica acta 237:112–119
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-130-4-835
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-130-4-835
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error