A mycoplasma, designated strain 486, was isolated from the oviduct of an adult chicken. On the basis of its morphological, physical and cultural characteristics the organism was assigned to the class Mollicutes, order Mycoplasmatales. The guanine plus cytosine content of its DNA was estimated to be 27·5 mol%. The organism was inhibited by digitonin and it showed a growth response to sterol, although its minimal requirement was low. It neither showed helical forms nor hydrolysed urea and was hence assigned to the family Mycoplasmataceae, genus Mycoplasma. Strain 486 fermented glucose and reduced tetrazolium under anaerobic conditions. It did not hydrolyse arginine, aesculin or arbutin, nor did it produce films and spots or digest serum. Phosphatase activity was negative or very weak, and the organism adsorbed turkey but not chicken red blood cells. Serological tests (growth inhibition, indirect fluorescent antibody, double immunodiffusion and metabolism inhibition) with 75 currently accepted Mycoplasma species or serovars failed to identify the isolate. Thus strain 486 appears to represent a new species, for which the name Mycoplasma glycophilum is proposed. (NCTC 10194, ATCC 35277).
AluottoB. B.,
WittlerR. G.,
WilliamsC. O.,
FaberJ. E.1970; Standardized bacteriologic techniques for the characterization of Mycoplasma species. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 20:35–58
BradburyJ. M.,
JordanF.T.W.1972; Studies on the adsorption of certain medium proteins to Mycoplasma gallisepticum and their influence on agglutination reactions. Journal of Hygiene 70:267–278
BradburyJ. M.,
ForrestM.,
WilliamsA.1983; Mycoplasma lipofaciens, a new species of avian origin. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 33:329–335
FreundtE. A.,
AndrewsB. E.,
ErnøH.,
KunzeM.,
BlackF. T.1973; The sensitivity of Mycoplasmatales to sodium-polyanethole-sulfonate and digitonin. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasi- tenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene (Abtei- lung I, Originate A) 225:104–112
FurnessG.,
DemaggioM.,
WhitescarverJ.1975; Morphological changes induced during fixation of Mycoplasma mycoides for electron microscopy. Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine 33:415–422
GourlayR. N.,
WyldS. G.,
LeachR. H.1977; Mycoplasma alvi, a new species from bovine intestinal and urogenital tracts. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 27:86–96
HowardC. J.,
GourlayR. N.1974; An electron- microscopic examination of certain bovine mycoplasmas stained with ruthenium red and the demonstration of a capsule on Mycoplasma dispar
. Journal of General Microbiology 83:393–398
International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology, Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Mollicutes1979; Proposal of minimal standards for descriptions of new species of the class Mollicutes
. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:172–180
JordanF. T. W.,
ErnøH.,
CottewG. S.,
HinzK. H.,
StipkovitsL.1982; Characterization and taxonomic description of five mycoplasma serovars (serotypes) of avian origin and their elevation to species rank and further evaluation of the taxonomic status of Mycoplasma synoviae
. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 32:108–115
LangfordE. V.,
LeachR. H.1973; Characterization of a mycoplasma isolated from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: M. bovoculi sp. nov. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 19:1435–1444
RobertsonJ.,
GomersallM.,
GillP.1975; Mycoplasma hominis: growth, reproduction and isolation of small viable cells. Journal of Bacteriology 124:1007–1018
RosendalS.,
BlackF. T.1972; Direct and indirect immunofluorescence of unfixed and fixed mycoplasma colonies. Acta pathologica et microbiolo- gica scandinavica B80:615–622
SobeslavskyO.,
PrescottB.,
ChanockR. M.1968; Adsorption of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to neuraminic acid receptors of various cells and possible role in virulence. Journal of Bacteriology 96:695–705
Taylor-RobinsonD.,
PurcellR. H.,
WongD. C.,
ChanockR. M.1966; A colour test for the measurement of antibody to certain mycoplasma species based upon the inhibition of acid production. Journal of Hygiene 64:91–104