1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: To see whether the initial damage caused by penicillin involved the osmotic barrier, certain characters of were examined at intervals during the first 2 hr. after addition of penicillin to growing cultures. In the 30 min. following addition of penicillin the cell appeared to expose nearly all its reserve penicillin-binding component (PBC), the penicillin uptake being double that which occurred without growth and the reserve PBC disappearing. The amount of PBC in the cell and its rate of exposure to penicillin in excess of normal synthesis (rate of turnover?) were both very small. Between 30 and 60 min. the uptake of Na, Mg, K, P and increase of total dry matter ceased abruptly. Continued increase in dry wt., while P, Na, Mg and K decreased slightly, resulted in the penicillintreated cells becoming relatively deficient in these elements. Synthesis of lipid phosphorus and some, but not all, large molecule phosphates still continued, and Fe and Co uptake were not affected. After 60-80 min. water entered and solutes began to leave the cell, and synthesis of large molecule P ceased. The primary site of action of penicillin is probably not concerned with gross assimilation of Na, K, Mg, P, Fe, Co, or any substance contributing more than 10% of the dry wt., or with gross synthesis of lipid P. It may, however, involve a reaction turning over 3000 times while the cell mass is doubled.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-13-1-22
1955-08-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/13/1/mic-13-1-22.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-13-1-22&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abelson P. H., Aldous E. 1950; Effects of magnesium on phosphate metabolism in vivo . Fed. Proc 9:143
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bartley W., Davies R. E. 1954; Active transport of ions by subcellular particles. Biochem. J 57:37
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Cooper P. D. 1954; The association of the penicillin-binding component of Staphylococcus aureus with a lipid fraction. J. gen. Microbiol 10:236
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Cooper P. D., Clowes R. C., Rowley D. 1954; A note on the use of radioactive penicillin. J. gen. Microbiol 10:246
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cooper P. D., Rowley D. 1949; Investigations with radioactive penicillin. Nature; Land: 163480
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Davies R., Folkes J. P., Gale E. F., Bigger L. C. 1953; The assimilation of amino acids by micro-organisms. 16. Changes in sodium and potassium accompanying the accumulation of glutamic acid or lysine by bacteria and yeast. Biochem. J 54:430
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eagle H. 1951; Further observations on the zone phenomenon in the bactericidal action of penicillin. J. Bact 62:663
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Eagle H. 1954; The binding of penicillin in relation to its cytotoxic action. I. Correlation between the penicillin sensitivity and combining activity of intact bacteria and cell-free extracts. J. exp. Med 99:207
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Few A. V., Cooper P. D., Rowley D. 1952; Reaction of penicillin with the staphylococcal cell wall. Nature; Land: 169283
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Fiske C. H., SubbaRow Y. 1925; The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. J. biol. Chern 66:375
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Fleming A., Voureka A., Kramer I. R. H., Hughes W. H. 1950; The morphology and motility of Proteus vulgaris and other organisms cultured in the presence of penicillin. J. gen. Microbiol 4:257
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Gale E. F. 1947; The assimilation of amino acids by bacteria. I. The passage of certain amino acids across the cell wall and their concentration in the internal environment of Streptococcus faecalis . J. gen. Microbiol 1:53
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Gale E. F. 1949; The assimilation of amino acids by bacteria. 8. Trace metals in glutamic acid assimilation and their inactivation by 8-hydroxyquinoline. J. gen. Microbiol 3:369
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Gale E. F. 1953; Assimilation of amino acids by Gram-positive bacteria and some actions of antibiotics thereon. Advanc. Protein Chem 8:285
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Gale E. F., Paine T. F. 1951; The assimilation of amino acids by bacteria. 12. The action of inhibitors and antibiotics on the accumulation of free glutamic acid and the formation of combined glutamate in Staphylococcus aureus . Biochem. J 48:298
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Gale E. F., Taylor E. S. 1947; The assimilation of amino acids by bacteria. 5. The action of penicillin in preventing the assimilation of glutamic acid by Staphylococcus aureus . J. gen. Microbiol 1:314
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Grelet N. 1949; Activité comparée de la pénicilline sur la croissance de Bacillus subtilis en milieu synthétique ammoniacal et en milieu peptoné. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 77:263
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Gros F., Macheboeuf M. 1953; Metabolisme de l’acide ribonucléique et de la guanosine chez Staphylococcus aureus et Escherichia coli traités par la pénicilline pendant leur croissance. Symp. VIth Int. Congr. Microbiol., Growth Inhibition and Chemotherapy p. 38
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Harris E. J., Maizels M. 1952; Distribution of ions in suspensions of human erythrocytes. J. Physiol 118:40
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Henry H., Stacey M. 1946; Histochemistry of the Gram-staining reaction for micro-organisms. Proc. Boy. Soc. B 133391
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Hotchkiss R. D. 1950; The abnormal course of bacterial protein synthesis in the presence of penicillin. J. exp. Med 91:351
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Hunter T. H., Baker K. T. 1949; The action of penicillin on Bacillus subtilis growing in the absence of amino acids. Science 110:423
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Kapuscinski V., Moss N., Zak B., Boyle A. J. 1952; Quantitative determination of Ca and Mg in human serum by flame photometry. Amer. J. clin. Path 22:287
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Maass E. A., Johnson M. J. 1949a; Penicillin uptake by bacterial cells. J. Bact 57:415
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Maass E. A., Johnson M. J. 1949b; Relation between bound penicillin and growth in Staphylococcus aureus . J. Bact 58:361
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Miles A. A., Misra S. S. 1938; The estimation of the bactericidal power of the blood. J. Hyg., Camb 38:732
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Mitchell P. 1953; Transport of phosphate across the surface of Micrococcus pyogenes: nature of the cell ‘inorganic phosphate’. J. gen. Microbiol 9:273
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Mitchell P., Moyle J. 1950; Occurrence of a phosphoric ester in certain bacteria: its relation to Gram-staining and penicillin sensitivity. Nature; Land: 166218
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Mitchell P., Moyle J. 1951a; Relationships between cell growth, surface properties and nucleic acid production in normal and penicillin-treated M. pyogenes . J. gen. Microbiol 5:421
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Mitchell P., Moyle J. 1951b; Isolation of hydrolytic products of a glycero-phospho compound from Micrococcus pyogenes . J. gen. Microbiol 5:966
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Mitchell P., Moyle J. 1953; Paths of phosphate transfer in Micrococcus pyogenes: phosphate turnover in nucleic acids and other fractions. J. gen. Microbiol 9:257
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Park J. T. 1951; The uridine-5′-pyrophosphate compounds found in penicillin-treated Staphylococcus aureus cells. A Symposium on Phosphorus Metabolism 193 Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Park J. T. 1952a; Uridine-5′-pyrophosphate derivatives. I. Isolation from Staphylococcus aureus . J. biol. Chem 194:877
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Park J. T. 1952b; Uridine-5′-pyrophosphate derivatives. II. A structure common to three derivatives. J. biol. Chem 194:885
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Park J. T. 1952c; Uridine-5′-pyrophosphate derivatives. III. Amino acid-containing derivatives. J. biol. Chem 194:897
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Parker R. F., Marsh H. C. 1946; The action of penicillin on staphylococcus. J. Bact 51:181
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Ponder E. 1950; Accumulation of potassium by human red cells. J. gen. Physiol 33:745
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Rowley D., Cooper P. D., Roberts P. W., Lester Smith E. 1950; The site of action of penicillin. 1. Uptake of penicillin by bacteria. Biochem. J 46:157
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Webb M. 1951; The influence of magnesium on the growth of bacteria in chemically-defined media of varying complexity. J. gen. Microbiol 5:485
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-13-1-22
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-13-1-22
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error