Extracellular endocellulase production by Agaricus bisporus closely paralleled mycelial growth in cultures containing microcrystalline cellulose. The enzyme was induced by various celluloses and cellobiose. In the presence of a cellulose inducer glucose and cellobiose repressed production of the enzyme. Endocellulase activity in culture filtrates was inversely related to cellulose concentration in the culture. In high concentrations of cellulose the activity of free enzyme was low. Evidence was obtained for the existence of two forms of endocellulase activity. One form adsorbed strongly to cellulose and was predominant in cultures low in cellulose. In cultures with a high cellulose content a non-adsorbable form of the enzyme was more abundant. The regulation of the appearance of free enzyme in relation to cellulose content and enzyme adsorption is discussed.
CouttsA. D., SmithR. E.1976; Factors influencing the production of cellulases by Sporo- trichum thermophile. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 31:819–825
DuboisM., GillesK. A., HamiltonJ. K., RebersP. A., SmithF.1956; Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry 28:350–356
GerritsJ. P. G.1969; Organic compost constituents and water utilized by the cultivated mushroom during spawn run and cropping. Mushroom Science 7:111–126
GerritsJ. P. G., Bels-KoningH. C., MullerF. M.1967; Changes in compost constituents during composting, pasteurisation and cropping. Mushroom Science 6:225–243
HagerdalB. G. R., FerchakJ. D., PyeE. K.1978; Cellulolytic enzyme system of Thermo- actinomyces sp. grown on microcrystalline cellulose. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 36:606–612
KingN. J., SmithG. A.1973; A cellulolytic enzyme from the wood-destroying basidiomycete B531. Part 1. Growth of the fungus and enzyme production. International Biodeterioration Bulletin 9:87–90
MandelsM., WeberJ.1969; The production of cellulases. In Cellulases and their Applications pp. 391–414 Edited by HajnyG. J., ReeseE. T. Washington D.C.: American Chemical Society;
O’NeillJ. V., WebbR. A.1970; Simultaneous determination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant material by automatic methods. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 21:217–219
ReeseE. T., SiuR. G. H., LevinsonH. S.1950; The biological degradation of soluble cellulose derivatives and its relationship to the mechanism of cellulose hydrolysis. Journal of Bacteriology 59:485–497
ShepherdM. G., TongC. C., ColeA. L.1981; Substrate specificity and mode of action of the cellulases from the thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus. Biochemical Journal 193:67–74
TurnerE. M., WrightM., WardT., OsborneD. J., SelfR.1975; Production of ethylene and other volatiles and changes in cellulase and laccase activities during the life cycle of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Journal of General Microbiology 91:167–176
WaksmanS. A., NissenW.1938; On the nutrition of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus campestris, and the chemical changes brought about by this organism in the manure compost. American Journal of Botany 19:514–537
WoodD. A., GoodenoughP. W.1977; Fruiting of Agaricus bisporus. Changes in extracellular enzyme activities during growth and fruiting. Archives of Microbiology 114:161–165
WoodT. M., MccraeS. I.1978; The cellulase of Trichoderma koningii. Purification and properties of some endoglucanase components with special reference to their action on cellulose when acting alone and in synergism with the cellobiohydrolase. Biochemical Journal 171:61–72