1887

Abstract

Five pure cultures of diatoms, sp., sp., sp., and two closely related spp., were isolated from enrichment cultures made from ice and water samples from the ice-edge in the Bering Sea. Four cultures were studied in detail. The isolates did not grow above 18 °C; optimum growth was from 10 to 14 °C. The sp. and spp. grew reproducibly at 0 ± 0·2 °C, albeit with long generation times of 6 to 7 d. Generation times at 10 °C were 0·8 to 1·9 d. The long generation times at 0 °C appeared intrinsic; growth rates were not increased by addition of ammonia, complex organic hydrolysates or light and dark cycles. The elemental analysis and culture density of the algae were reasonable. For example, the elemental analysis of sp. grown at 0 °C was C, 34·51%; H, 5·00%; N, 5·12%; ash, 30·3%, very similar to the values for cells grown at 10 °C. Cell yields of 0·5 mg dry weight ml were routinely achieved. These appear to be among the first pure cultures of psychrophilic diatoms and possibly of microalgae in general.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-129-4-1019
1983-04-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/129/4/mic-129-4-1019.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-129-4-1019&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Allen M. B. 1971; High-latitude phytoplankton. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 2:261–276
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bottomley P. J., Van Baalen C. 1978; Characteristics of heterotrophic growth in the blue-green alga, Nostoc sp. strain MAC. Journal of General Microbiology 107:309–318
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bunt J. S. 1963; Diatoms of the sea-ice as agents of primary production. Nature; London: 1991255–1257
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bunt J. S., Wood E. J. F. 1963; Microalgae and Antarctic sea-ice. Nature; London: 1991254–1255
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chollet R., Anderson L. L. 1977; Conformational changes associated with the reversible cold inactivation of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase. Biochimica et biophysica acta 482:228–240
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Dunbar M. J. 1975; Biological oceanography in Canadian Arctic and sub-arctic waters. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 32:2276–2283
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eppley R. W. 1972; Temperature and phytoplankton growth in the sea. Fishery Bulletin 70:1063–1085
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Grant W. S., Horner R. A. 1976; Growth response to salinity variation in four Arctic ice diatoms. Journal of Phycology 12:180–185
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Horner R. S. 1976; Sea ice organisms. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Reviews 14:167–182
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Huner N. P. A., Macdowall F. D. H. 1979; Changes in net charge and subunit properties of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase during cold hardening of Puma rye. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry 57:155–164
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Ingraham J. L., Stokes J. L. 1959; Psychrophilic bacteria. Bacteriological Reviews 23:97–108
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Inniss W. E. 1975; Interaction of temperature and psychrophilic microorganisms. Annual Review of Microbiology 29:445–465
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kok B. 1952; On the efficiency of Chlorella growth. Acta botanica neerlandica 1:445–467
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Mcroy C. P., Goering J. J. 1974; The influence of ice on the primary productivity of the Bering Sea. In Oceanography of the Bering Sea pp. 403–421 Hood D. W., Kelley E. J. Edited by Fairbanks: University of Alaska Occasional Publication;2
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Milner H. W. 1953; The chemical composition of algae. In Algal Culture from Laboratory to Pilot Plant pp. 285–302 Burlew J. S. Edited by Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 600;
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Morita R. Y. 1975; Psychrophilic bacteria. Bacteriological Reviews 39:144–167
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Pease C. H., Muench R. D. 1981; Cruise along the ice edge in Bering Sea yields data on effects of gale. Coastal Oceanography and Climatology News University of Rhode Island, Kingston: 343–45
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Repaske R., Clayton M. A. 1978; Control of Escherichia coli growth by CO2. Journal of Bacteriology 135:1162–1164
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Saito K., Taniguchi A. 1978; Phytoplankton communities in the Bering Sea and adjacent areas. II. Spring and summer communities in seasonally ice-covered areas. Astarte 11:27–35
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Sawada S., Miyachi S. 1974; Effects of growth temperature on photosynthetic carbon metabolism in green plants. II. Photosynthetic 14CO2-incorporation in plants acclimatized to varied temperatures. Plant and Cell Physiology 15:225–238
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Van Baalen C. 1962; Studies on marine blue-green algae. Botanica marina 4:129–139
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Van Baalen C. 1974; Growth, photosynthetic, and respiratory rates of the microalgae. In Handbook of Microbiology pp. 21–28 Laskin A. I., Lechevalier H. A. Edited by Cleveland, Ohio: CRC Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Van Baalen C., Edwards P. 1973; The light-temperature gradient plate. In Handbook of Phycological Methods, Culture Methods and Growth Measurements pp. 267–274 Stein J. R. Edited by Cambridge: Cambridge University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Van Baalen C., Marler J. E. 1963; Characteristics of marine blue-green algae with uric acid as nitrogen source. Journal of General Microbiology 32:457–463
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Yoder J. A. 1979; Effect of temperature on light-limited growth and chemical composition of Skeletonema costatum (Bacillariophyceae). Journal of Phycology 15:362–370
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-129-4-1019
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-129-4-1019
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error