RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Broderick, A. J. A1 Greenshields, R. N.YR 1982 T1 Semi-continuous and Continuous Production of Aspergillus niger Spores in Submerged Liquid Culture JF Microbiology, VO 128 IS 11 SP 2639 OP 2645 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-128-11-2639 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2080, AB Sporulation of Aspergillus niger was induced in continuous tower fermenters by restricting growth with nitrate limitation. Semi-continuous production of spores was achieved in a single-stage fermentation by alternating full-nutrient and nitrogen-deficient media to the culture. Continuous spore production was obtained in a two-stage fermentation system using the first stage for the growth of vegetative mycelium under optimum conditions and the second, larger, stage for sporulation induction in a constant nitrogen-deficient environment. Spores were produced from much simplified sporulation structures. Using a new sporulation index (Ω), which relates spore numbers produced to the quantity of substrate utilized, the average production efficiency of the two-stage continuous system was shown to be more than twice that of the semi-continuous production system. The tower fermenter was shown to be ideal for controlling organism morphology, thus providing conditions which allowed the development of continuous fungal sporulation., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-128-11-2639