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Summary: A Halobacterium species isolated from solar evaporation ponds and sodium sesquicarbonate deposits at Lake Magadi, Kenya, differs from known species of Halobacterium in its GC content, in being obligately alkalophilic with a pH optimum between 9.0 and 10.0, and in having a Mg2+ requirement of between 0.1 and 2.0 mm for optimum growth.