1887

Abstract

strain x was grown on trimethylamine and dimethylamine as the sole sources of carbon and energy under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions and the enzymes involved in the metabolism of these compounds were investigated. During aerobic growth of the organism on trimethylamine, accumulation and subsequent utilization of dimethylamine was observed. When the organism was grown on trimethylamine under anaerobic conditions in the presence of nitrate, a sequential accumulation and utilization of dimethylamine and methylamine was found. In cell-free extracts of x grown on trimethylamine or dimethylamine under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions the following enzyme activities were detected: trimethylamine dehydrogenase, dimethylamine dehydrogenase, γ-glutamylmethylamide synthetase, -methylglutamate dehydrogenase, methanol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase and hydroxypyruvate reductase. Under neither growth condition were any of the following enzyme activities detected: trimethylamine mono-oxygenase, dimethylamine mono-oxygenase, trimethylamine--oxide aldolase (demethylase) and primary-amine dehydrogenase. Trimethylamine dehydrogenase and dimethylamine dehydrogenase were partially purified from bacteria grown on dimethylamine and the results suggest that in x a novel enzyme, namely dimethylamine dehydrogenase, participates in the oxidation of dimethylamine.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-106-2-265
1978-06-01
2024-12-06
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/106/2/mic-106-2-265.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-106-2-265&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. ANTHONY C. 1975; The biochemistry of methylo-trophic micro-organisms. Science Progress, Oxford 62:167–206
    [Google Scholar]
  2. ATTWOOD M. M., HARDER W. 1972; A rapid and specific enrichment procedure for Hypho-microbium spp. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 38:369–378
    [Google Scholar]
  3. ATTWOOD M. M., HARDER W. 1977; Isocitrate lyase activity in Hyphomicrobium spp.: a critical reappraisal. FEMS Microbiology Letters 1:25–30
    [Google Scholar]
  4. BAMFORTH C. W., LARGE P. J. 1977; Solubilization, partial purification and properties of N-methylglutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas aminovorans. Biochemical Journal 161:357–370
    [Google Scholar]
  5. BLACKMORE M. A., QUAYLE J. R. 1970; Microbial growth on oxalate by a route not involving glyoxylate carboligase. Biochemical Journal 118:53–59
    [Google Scholar]
  6. BOULTON C. A., LARGE P. J. 1977; Synthesis of certain assimilatory and dissimilatory enzymes during bacterial adaptation to growth on tri-methylamine. Journal of General Microbiology 101:151–156
    [Google Scholar]
  7. COLBY J., ZATMAN L. J. 1971; The purification and properties of a bacterial trimethylamine dehydrogenase. Biochemical Journal 121:9p–10p
    [Google Scholar]
  8. COLBY J., ZATMAN L. J. 1973; Trimethylamine metabolism in obligate and facultative methylo-trophs. Biochemical Journal 132:101–112
    [Google Scholar]
  9. COLBY J., ZATMAN L. J. 1974; Purification and properties of the trimethylamine dehydrogenase of Bacterium 4b6. Biochemical Journal 143:555–567
    [Google Scholar]
  10. EADY R. R., LARGE P. J. 1968; Purification and properties of an amine dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas AMI and its role in growth on methylamine. Biochemical Journal 106:245–255
    [Google Scholar]
  11. EADY R. R., LARGE P. J. 1969; Bacterial oxidation of dimethylamine, a new mono-oxygenase reaction. Biochemical Journal 111:37p–38p
    [Google Scholar]
  12. EADY R. R., LARGE P. J. 1971; Microbial oxidation of amines. Spectral and kinetic properties of the primary amine dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas amI . Biochemical Journal 123:757–771
    [Google Scholar]
  13. EADY R. R., JARMAN T. R., LARGE P. J. 1971; Microbial oxidation of amines. Partial purification of a mixed-function secondary-amine oxidase system from Pseudomonas aminovorans that contains an enzymically active cytochrome-P-420 type haemoprotein. Biochemical Journal 125:449–459
    [Google Scholar]
  14. EGAMI F., TANIGUCHI S. 1963; Nitrate. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. 1st edn: pp [View Article][PubMed] Editor Bergmeyer H. U. New York and London: Academic Press.;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. GOLDSMITH J., LIVONI J. P., NORBERG C. L., SEGEL I. H. 1973; Regulation of nitrate uptake in Penicillium chrysogenum by ammonium ion. Plant Physiology 52:362–367
    [Google Scholar]
  16. HARDER W., ATTWOOD M. M. 1975; Oxidation of organic Cx compounds by Hyphomicrobium spp. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 41:421–429
    [Google Scholar]
  17. HARDER W., ATTWOOD M. M. 1978; Biology, physiology and biochemistry of Hyphomicrobia. Advances in Microbial Physiology 17 (in the Press).
    [Google Scholar]
  18. HARDER W., ATTWOOD M. M., QUAYLE J. R. 1973; Methanol assimilation by Hyphomicrobium sp. Journal of General Microbiology 78:155–163
    [Google Scholar]
  19. HARDER W., VISSER K., KUENEN J. G. 1974; Laboratory fermenter with an improved magnetic drive. Laboratory Practice 23:644–645
    [Google Scholar]
  20. HERSH L. B., PETERSON J. A., THOMPSON A. A. 1971; An jY-methylglutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas MA. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 145:115–120
    [Google Scholar]
  21. JOHNSON P. A., QUAYLE J. R. 1964; Microbial growth on Q compounds. VI. Oxidation of methanol, formaldehyde and formate by methanol-grown Pseudomonas AMI. Biochemical Journal 93:281–290
    [Google Scholar]
  22. LARGE P. J. 1971; Non-oxidative demethylation of trimethylamine iV-oxide by Pseudomonas aminovorans. FEBS Letters 18:297–300
    [Google Scholar]
  23. LARGE P. J., MCDOUGALL H. 1975; An enzymic method for the microestimation of trimethylamine. Analytical Biochemistry 64:304–310
    [Google Scholar]
  24. LARGE P. J., BOULTON C. A., CRABBE M. J. C. 1972; The reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate- and oxygen-dependent JV-oxygenation of trimethylamine by Pseudomonas aminovorans. Biochemical Journal 128:137p–138p
    [Google Scholar]
  25. LICHTENSTEIN N. 1942; Preparation of y-alkyl-amides of glutamic acid. Journal of the American Chemical Society 64:1021–1022
    [Google Scholar]
  26. LOGINOVA N. V., SHISHKINA V. N., TROTSENKO Y. A. 1976; Primary metabolic pathways of methylated amines in Hyphomicrobium vulgare. Mikrobiologiya (English translation) 45:34–40
    [Google Scholar]
  27. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  28. MEIBERG J. B. M., HARDER W. 1976; Aerobic and anaerobic degradation of trimethylamine and dimethylamine by Hyphomicrobium x. Proceedings of the Society for General Microbiology 4:45.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. MYERS P. A., Zatman L. J. 1971; The metabolism of trimethylamine TV-oxide by Bacillus pm6. Biochemical Journal 121:10p.
    [Google Scholar]
  30. NASH T. 1953; The colorimetric estimation of formaldehyde by means of the Hantzsch reaction. Biochemical Journal 55:416–421
    [Google Scholar]
  31. SPERL G. T., Hoare D. S. 1971; Denitrification with methanol: a selective enrichment for Hypho-microbium species. Journal of Bacteriology 108:733–736.
    [Google Scholar]
  32. STEENKAMP D. J., MALLINSON J. 1976; Tri-methylamine dehydrogenase from a methylo-trophic bacterium. I. Isolation and steady-state kinetics. Biochimica et biophysica acta 429: [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. STRAUSS G., NICKERSON W. J. 1961; Photochemical cleavage of water by riboflavin. II. Role of activators. Journal of the American Chemical Society 83:3187–3191
    [Google Scholar]
  34. TATE III R. L., ALEXANDER M. 1976; Microbial formation and degradation of dimethylamine. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 31: [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. TROTSENKO Y. A., LOGINOVA N. V., SHISHKINA V. N. 1974; Metabolism of methylamine by Hyphomicrobium. Dokladi Akademii nauk SSSR (Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.) 216:1413–1415
    [Google Scholar]
  36. VISHNIAC W., SANTER M. 1957; The thiobacilli. Bacteriological Reviews 21:195–213
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-106-2-265
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-106-2-265
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error