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Volume 10, Issue 11

Identifying gene-level mechanisms of successful dispersal of during El Niño events Open Access

Abstract

El Niño events, the warm phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, facilitate the movement of warm surface waters eastwards across the Pacific Ocean. Marine organisms transported by these waters can act as biological corridors for water-borne bacteria with attachment abilities. El Niño events have been hypothesized as driving the recent emergence of (Vp) variants, marine bacterium causing gastroenteritis, in South America, but the lack of a robust methodological framework limited any further exploration. Here, we introduce two new analysis approaches to explore Vp dynamics in South America, which will be central to uncovering Vp dynamics in the future. Distributed non-linear lag models found that strong El Niño events increase the relative probability of Vp detection in Peru, with a 3–4-month lag time. Machine learning found that the presence of a specific gene () involved in attachment to plankton in a pandemic Vp clone in South America was temporally associated with strong El Niño events, offering a possible strategy for survival over long-range dispersal, such as that offered by El Niño events. Robust surveillance of marine pathogens and methodological development are necessary to produce resolute conclusions on the effect of El Niño events on water-borne diseases.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): El Niño , gene association , machine learning , pathogen dispersal and Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council (Award 101057554)
    • Principle Award Recipient: JaimeMartinez-Urtaza
  • Generalitat de Catalunya (Award 2021 SGR 00526)
    • Principle Award Recipient: JaimeMartinez-Urtaza
  • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Award PID2021-127107NB-I00)
    • Principle Award Recipient: JaimeMartinez-Urtaza
  • Natural Environment Research Council (Award (NE/S007210/1)
    • Principle Award Recipient: AmyMarie Campbell
© 2024 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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Identifying gene-level mechanisms of successful dispersal of Vibrio parahaemolyticus during El Niño events
M Gen 10, 001317 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001317
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.001317
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