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Microbial Genomics logo

Volume 10, Issue 10

Microbial genetic potential differs among cryospheric habitats of the Damma glacier Open Access

Abstract

Climate warming has led to glacier retreat worldwide. Studies on the taxonomy and functions of glacier microbiomes help us better predict their response to glacier melting. Here, we used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to study the microbial functional potential in different cryospheric habitats, i.e. surface snow, supraglacial and subglacial sediments, subglacial ice, proglacial stream water and recently deglaciated soils. The functional gene structure varied greatly among habitats, especially for snow, which differed significantly from all other habitats. Differential abundance analysis revealed that genes related to stress responses (e.g. chaperones) were enriched in ice habitat, supporting the fact that glaciers are a harsh environment for microbes. The microbial metabolic capabilities related to carbon and nitrogen cycling vary among cryospheric habitats. Genes related to auxiliary activities were overrepresented in the subglacial sediment, suggesting a higher genetic potential for the degradation of recalcitrant carbon (e.g., lignin). As for nitrogen cycling, genes related to nitrogen fixation were more abundant in barren proglacial soils, possibly due to the presence of Cyanobacteriota in this habitat. Our results deepen our understanding of microbial processes in glacial ecosystems, which are vulnerable to ongoing global warming, and they have implications for downstream ecosystems.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): C-cycling , cryospheric habitats , Damma glacier , functional capability , metagenomic sequencing and N-cycling
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Award 310030_215119)
    • Principle Award Recipient: BeatFrey
  • Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (Award 5231.00900.002.01)
    • Principle Award Recipient: BeatFrey
  • H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (Award 675546)
    • Principle Award Recipient: BeatFrey
  • China Scholarship Council (Award 201904910436)
    • Principle Award Recipient: MaomaoFeng
© 2024 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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Microbial genetic potential differs among cryospheric habitats of the Damma glacier
M Gen 10, 001301 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.001301
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.001301
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.001301
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