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Volume 8, Issue 5

Carriage prevalence and genomic epidemiology of among Native American children and adults in the Southwestern USA Open Access

Abstract

Native American individuals in the Southwestern USA experience a higher burden of invasive disease than the general population. However, little is known about carriage in these communities. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the carriage prevalence, risk factors and genomic epidemiology of among Native American children (<5 years, =121) and adults (≥18 years, =167) in the Southwestern USA. Short- and long-read sequencing data were generated using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technology platforms to produce high-quality hybrid assemblies, and antibiotic-resistance, virulence and pangenome analyses were performed. carriage prevalence was 20.7 % among children, 30.2 % among adults 18–64 years and 16.7 % among adults ≥65 years. Risk factors among adults included recent surgery, prior infection among household members, and recent use of gyms or locker rooms by household members. No risk factors were identified among children. The bacterial population structure was dominated by clonal complex 1 (CC1) (21.1 %), CC5 (22.2 %) and CC8 (22.2 %). Isolates from children and adults were intermixed throughout the phylogeny. While the population was diverse, the carriage prevalence was comparable to that in the general USA population. Genomic and risk-factor data suggest household, community and healthcare transmission are important components of the local epidemiology.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): carriage , genome epidemiology , Native American , phylogeny and Staphylococcus aureus
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health (Award N/A)
    • Principle Award Recipient: LauraL Hammitt
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Award K22 AI141582)
    • Principle Award Recipient: TajAzarian
© 2022 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License. This article was made open access via a Publish and Read agreement between the Microbiology Society and the corresponding author’s institution.
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2022-05-13
2024-04-19
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Carriage prevalence and genomic epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus among Native American children and adults in the Southwestern USA
M Gen 8, 000806 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000806
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000806
/content/journal/mgen/10.1099/mgen.0.000806
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