Antibiotic resistance in and adaptation to complex dynamic environments Open Access

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has become a serious threat to human health (WHO . Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017), and the ability to predict antibiotic resistance from genome sequencing has become a focal point for the medical community. With this genocentric prediction in mind, we were intrigued about two particular findings for a collection of clinical isolates (Marvig . 2015;47:57–64; Frimodt-Møller . 2018;8:12512; Bartell . 2019;10:629): (i) 15 out of 52 genes found to be frequently targeted by adaptive mutations during the initial infection stage of cystic fibrosis airways (‘candidate pathoadaptive genes’) (Marvig . 2015;47:57–64) were associated with antibiotic resistance (López-Causapé . 2018;9:685; López-Causapé . 2018;62:e02583-17); (ii) there was a parallel lack of resistance development and linkage to the genetic changes in these antibiotic-resistance-associated genes (Frimodt-Møller . 2018;8:12512; Bartell . 2019;10:629). In this review, we highlight alternative selective forces that potentially enhance the infection success of and focus on the linkage to the 15 pathoadaptive antibiotic-resistance-associated genes, thereby showing the problems we may face when using only genomic information to predict and inform about relevant antibiotic treatment.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Novo Nordisk Fonden Center for Biosustainability (DK)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Søren Molin
  • Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsråd (Award FTP-4183-00051)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Helle K. Johansen
  • RegionH Rammebevilling (Award R144-A5287)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Helle K. Johansen
  • Novo Nordisk Fonden (Award NNF15OC0017444)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Helle K. Johansen
  • Rigshospitalet (DK) (Award R88-A3537)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Helle K. Johansen
  • Novo Nordisk Fonden (Award NNF12OC1015920)
    • Principle Award Recipient: Helle K. Johansen
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2020-04-29
2024-03-29
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