1887

Abstract

spp. can cause severe skin and soft-tissue infections, gastrointestinal infections, otitis and bacteraemia, generally upon contact with seawater or consumption of raw seafood. Recently, a new condition termed ‘patera foot’ characterized by acute skin and soft-tissue infection has been described in irregular immigrants arriving to the Canary Islands, Spain, in rudimentary boats. Most infections are caused by a single species, . The improvement of the diagnostic capabilities in clinical microbiology laboratories has resulted in a growing number of cases being reported worldwide, most of them coming from warm regions.

In this work, we reviewed the medical records of all the patients with infections in the two university hospitals of Gran Canaria (the Canary Islands, Spain) during the period 2000–2016, resulting in the identification of 31 cases. We also conducted a literature review of infections reported worldwide in recent years.

This case series suggests that infections are nosocomially acquired more frequently than previously thought. In addition, the unexpectedly high proportion of multidrug-resistant isolates raises concerns.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005131
2017-12-07
2024-03-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmmcr/4/12/jmmcr005131.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005131&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Janda JM, Abbott SL. The genus Shewanella: from the briny depths below to human pathogen. Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 40:293–312 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Hau HH, Gralnick JA. Ecology and biotechnology of the genus Shewanella . Annu Rev Microbiol 2007; 61:237–258 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Holt HM, Gahrn-Hansen B, Bruun B. Shewanella algae and Shewanella putrefaciens: clinical and microbiological characteristics. Clin Microbiol Infect 2005; 11:347–352 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. CLSI Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, M100S, 26th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2015
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Mohr M, Köstler J, Salzberger B, Hanses F. Polymicrobial soft tissue infection including Shewanella putrefaciens . Infection 2016; 44:563–564 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Lee WS, Ou TY, Chen FL, Hsu CW, Jean SS. Shewanella putrefaciens bacteremia in a uremic patient receiving hemodialysis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2016; 49:159–160 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Muñoz-Gallego I, Chaves F, Orellana MA. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Shewanella spp. infections in a tertiary hospital in Madrid. Infect Dis 2016; 48:760–762 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Tang TH, Cheng NH, Ho RT, Chan HS, Lam KW et al. Shewanella-related bacteremia and Fournier's gangrene: a case report. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016; 3:ofw148 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Rajchgot J, Glicksman R, Bogoch II. Shewanella algae bacteremia from a foot ulcer exposed to seawater during a Caribbean vacation. J Travel Med 2016; 23:taw014 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Fluke EC, Carayannopoulos NL, Lindsey RW. Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis caused by Shewanella algae . J Hand Surg Am 2016; 41:e203e206 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Cimmino T, Olaitan AO, Rolain JM. Whole genome sequence to decipher the resistome of Shewanella algae, a multidrug-resistant bacterium responsible for pneumonia, Marseille, France. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2016; 14:269–275 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Antonelli A, di Palo DM, Galano A, Becciani S, Montagnani C et al. Intestinal carriage of Shewanella xiamenensis simulating carriage of OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae . Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 82:1–3 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Muñoz L, Vélez J, Molano D, Susunaga P, Gómez M. Seudoquiste pancreático infectado por Shewanella putrefaciens: reporte de caso. Infectio 2015; 19:179–182 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Duan M, Wang D, Wang J, Xiao X, Han L et al. A case report of intracranial infection caused by Shewanella putrefaciens . Neurol Sci 2015; 36:625–629 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Stanimirova I, Petrova A, Murdjeva M. Case of Shewanella putrefaciens gastroenteritis in Bulgaria – an evaluation of Shewanella role in infectious diarrhea. SMU Med J 2015; 2:215–227
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Ostwal K, Shah P, Pathak S, Jadhav A, Shaikh N. New enterant in the class of uropathogens-Shewanella algae . Asian J Med Sci 2015; 6:92–95 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Charles MVP, Srirangaraj S, Kali A. Neonatal sepsis caused by Shewanella algae: case report. Australas Med J 2015; 8:64–66 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Dey S, Bhattacharya D, Roy S, Nadgir SD, Patil A et al. Shewanella algae in acute gastroenteritis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:172–175 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Constant J, Chernev I, Gomez E, Constant J, Chernev I. Shewanella putrefaciens infective endocarditis. Braz J Infect Dis 2014; 18:686–688 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Baruah FK, Grover RK. Case report and literature review of carbapenem resistant Shewanella putrefaciens isolated from ascitic fluid. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:DD01–DD02 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Taherzadeh M, Katouli M, Amirinejad R, Farzaneh MR, Gharibi O. A case of wound infection caused by Shewanella algae in the south of Iran. New Microbes New Infect 2014; 2:29–30 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Mohan N, Sharma S, Padhi TR, Basu S, Das TP. Traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Shewanella putrefaciens associated with an open globe fishhook injury. Eye 2014; 28:235 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Jeffery S. Shewanella dysentery in a patient with underlying malignancy. Med J Malaysia 2014; 69:284–285[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Smith JR, Morgan M, Palmer JH. Shewanella algae infection complicating an open lower limb fracture. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2014; 67:e99e100 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Ananth AL, Nassiri N, Pamoukian VN. Shewanella algae: a rare cause of necrotizing fasciitis. Surg Infect 2014; 15:336–338 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Liu PY, Shi ZY, Shyu CL, Wu ZY, Lai KL et al. Cobra bite wound infection caused by Shewanella algae . Int J Infect Dis 2014; 20:11–12 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Jacob-Kokura S, Chan CY, Kaplan L. Bacteremia and empyema caused by Shewanella algae in a trauma patient. Ann Pharmacother 2014; 48:128–136 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Yiallouros P, Mavri A, Attilakos A, Moustaki M, Leontsini F et al. Shewanella putrefaciens bacteraemia associated with terminal ileitis. Paediatr Int Child Health 2013; 33:193–195 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Carlson RM, Dux K. Shewanella putrefaciens, a rare cause of osteomyelitis. Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2013; 12:231–233 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Ahmed N, Casey K, Liu E, Fune L. Necrotizing fasciitis of the lower extremity caused by Shewanella algae . Surg Infect 2013; 14:165–166 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Poovorawan K, Chatsuwan T, Lakananurak N, Chansaenroj J, Komolmit P et al. Shewanella haliotis associated with severe soft tissue infection, Thailand, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 19:1019–1021 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Prinja A, Singh J, Davis N, Urwin G. A rare cause of wound infection after an open fracture: Shewanella putrefaciens . BMJ Case Rep 2013; 2013:bcr2012008537 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Kim BK, Cho SY, Kang B, Kim IK, Byun JH et al. A case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with bacteremia caused by Shewanella algae . Infect Chemother 2014; 46:264–268 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Tena D, Losa C, Carrasco G, Sáez-Nieto JA. Cellulitis caused by Shewanella haliotis . Infect Dis Clin Pract 2016; 24:76–78 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Tena D, Losa C, Carrasco G, Sáez-Nieto JA. Surgical site infection caused by Shewanella putrefaciens . Infect Dis Clin Pract 2016; 24:18–23 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Liu PY, Lin CF, Tung KC, Shyu CL, Wu MJ et al. Clinical and microbiological features of Shewanella bacteremia in patients with hepatobiliary disease. Intern Med 2013; 52:431–438 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Vignier N, Barreau M, Olive C, Baubion E, Théodose R et al. Human infection with Shewanella putrefaciens and S. algae: report of 16 cases in Martinique and review of the literature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013; 89:151–156 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Srinivas J, Pillai M, Vinod V, Dinesh RK. Skin and soft tissue Infections due to Shewanella algae - an emerging pathogen. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:DC16–DC20 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Byun JH, Park H, Kim S. The phantom menace for patients with hepatobiliary diseases: Shewanella haliotis, often misidentified as Shewanella algae in biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF analysis. Jpn J Infect Dis 2017; 70:177–180 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Zong Z. Nosocomial peripancreatic infection associated with Shewanella xiamenensis . J Med Microbiol 2011; 60:1387–1390 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Wang D, Wang Y, Huang H, Lin J, Xiao D et al. Identification of tetrodotoxin-producing Shewanella spp. from feces of food poisoning patients and food samples. Gut Pathog 2013; 5:15 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Igbinosa IH, Igumbor EU, Aghdasi F, Tom M, Okoh AI. Emerging Aeromonas species infections and their significance in public health. Sci World J 2012; 2012:1–13 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Kamble R. Aeromonas salmonicida furunculosis in an adult male. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 2015; 4:59–63
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Tewari R, Dudeja M, Nandy S, das AK. Isolation of Aeromonas salmonicida from human blood sample: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:139–140 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Ternavasio-de-La-Vega HG, Angel-Moreno A, Hernández-Cabrera M, Pisos-Alamo E, Bolaños-Rivero M et al. Skin and soft tissue infections (patera foot) in immigrants, Spain. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15:598–600 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Vogel BF, Holt HM, Gerner-Smidt P, Bundvad A, Søgaard P et al. Homogeneity of Danish environmental and clinical isolates of Shewanella algae . Appl Environ Microbiol 2000; 66:443–448 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Mcauliffe GN, Hennessy J, Baird RW. Relative frequency, characteristics, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Chromobacterium violaceum, and Shewanella spp. in the Northern Territory of Australia, 2000-2013. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 92:605–610 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Janda JM. Shewanella: a marine pathogen as an emerging cause of human disease. Clin Microbiol Newsl 2014; 36:25–29 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Yousfi K, Touati A, Bekal S. Complete genome sequence of an extensively drug-resistant Shewanella xiamenensis strain isolated from Algerian hospital effluents. Genome Announc 2016; 4:e01236-16 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Kim DM, Kang CI, Lee CS, Kim HB, Kim EC et al. Treatment failure due to emergence of resistance to carbapenem during therapy for Shewanella algae bacteremia. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:1172–1174 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Drawz SM, Bonomo RA. Three decades of beta-lactamase inhibitors. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23:160–201 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Walther-Rasmussen J, Høiby N. OXA-type carbapenemases. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 57:373–383 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Poirel L, Héritier C, Nordmann P. Genetic and biochemical characterization of the chromosome-encoded class B beta-lactamases from Shewanella livingstonensis (SLB-1) and Shewanella frigidimarina (SFB-1). J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 55:680–685 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Jacoby GA. Beta-lactamases A. Clin Microbiol Rev 2009; 22:161–182 [Crossref]
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Kim HB, Park CH, Gavin M, Jacoby GA, Hooper DC. Cold shock induces qnrA expression in Shewanella algae . Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:414–416 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Poirel L, Rodriguez-Martinez JM, Mammeri H, Liard A, Nordmann P. Origin of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant QnrA. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49:3523–3525 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Cantón R. Antibiotic resistance genes from the environment: a perspective through newly identified antibiotic resistance mechanisms in the clinical setting. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15:20–25 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Cattoir V, Poirel L, Aubert C, Soussy CJ, Nordmann P. Unexpected occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in environmental Aeromonas spp. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14:231–237 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Nordmann P, Poirel L. Emergence of plasmid-mediated resistance to quinolones in Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 56:463–469 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Lascols C, Podglajen I, Verdet C, Gautier V, Gutmann L et al. A plasmid-borne Shewanella algae gene, qnrA3, and its possible transfer in vivo between Kluyvera ascorbata and Klebsiella pneumoniae . J Bacteriol 2008; 190:5217–5223 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Myung DS, Jung YS, Kang SJ, Song YA, Park KH et al. Primary Shewanella algae bacteremia mimicking Vibrio septicemia. J Korean Med Sci 2009; 24:1192–1194 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Telke AA, Rolain JM. Functional genomics to discover antibiotic resistance genes: the paradigm of resistance to colistin mediated by ethanolamine phosphotransferase in Shewanella algae MARS 14. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 46:648–652 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Mensa Pueyo J, Gatell Artigas JM, García Sánchez JE, Letang E, López-Suñé E et al. Guía de Terapéutica Antimicrobiana, 24th ed.. vol. 2014 Barcelona: Antares; 2014
    [Google Scholar]
  64. Dailey FE, Mcgraw JE, Jensen BJ, Bishop SS, Lokken JP et al. The microbiota of freshwater fish and freshwater niches contain omega-3 fatty acid-producing Shewanella species. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 82:218–231 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Suo Y, Li E, Li T, Jia Y, Qin JG et al. Response of gut health and microbiota to sulfide exposure in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei . Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 63:87–96 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  66. King GM, Judd C, Kuske CR, Smith C. Analysis of stomach and gut microbiomes of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) from coastal Louisiana, USA. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51475 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Angelakis E, Yasir M, Bachar D, Azhar EI, Lagier JC et al. Gut microbiome and dietary patterns in different Saudi populations and monkeys. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32191 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Urbaniak C, Cummins J, Brackstone M, Macklaim JM, Gloor GB et al. Microbiota of human breast tissue. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:3007–3014 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Zhang J, Wang L, Guo Z, Sun Z, Gesudu Q et al. 454 pyrosequencing reveals changes in the faecal microbiota of adults consuming Lactobacillus casei Zhang. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 88:612–622 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Liang T, Su W, Zhang Q, Li G, Gao S et al. Roles of sphincter of Oddi laxity in bile duct microenvironment in patients with cholangiolithiasis: from the perspective of the microbiome and metabolome. J Am Coll Surg 2016; 222:269–280 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005131
Loading
/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.005131
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary File 1

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error