@article{mbs:/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.004119, author = "O’connor, Ciara and O’connell, Nuala H. and Power, Lorraine and Merrigan, Anne and Tormey, Shona and Coffey, Calvin and Linnane, Barry and Dunne, Colum P.", title = "A case of Panton–Valentine leucocidin toxin‐positive Staphylococcus aureus‐mediated neonatal mastitis", journal= "JMM Case Reports", year = "2014", volume = "1", number = "3", pages = "", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/jmmcr.0.004119", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmmcr/10.1099/jmmcr.0.004119", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "2053-3721", type = "Journal Article", keywords = "mastitis", keywords = "neonatal", keywords = "Panton–Valentine leucocidin", keywords = "Staphylococcus aureus", eid = "e004119", abstract = " Introduction: Neonatal mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the breast frequently associated with Staphylococcus aureus. While Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL), a B‐pore‐forming cytotoxin, is commonly associated with enhanced virulence in community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant S. aureus isolates, this is the first report to our knowledge of neonatal mastitis caused by PVL‐positive S. aureus. Case presentation: A 20‐day‐old full‐term female neonate presented with bilateral mastitis, complicated by bilateral abscess formation. PVL toxin‐positive S. aureus was cultured from aspirates of both breasts. All family members, none of whom presented with symptoms of infection, and, specifically, maternal vaginal samples proved negative for PVL‐positive S. aureus. Successful resolution involved surgical drainage and clindamycin therapy. Conclusion: While PVL toxin‐positive S. aureus has previously been implicated in bovine and ovine mastitis, there may now be a need for vigilance with respect to human incidence. Due to PVL‐mediated tissue necrosis, breast abscess formation and poor response to conventional antimicrobial therapy should, perhaps, be a cause for suspicion of PVL‐bearing S. aureus and expediting of appropriate therapy to avoid potential for long‐term consequences such as abnormal breast development. ", }