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Anaerobic endocarditis is clinically indistinguishable from aerobic causes of endocarditis. This necessitates correct identification of pathogens and determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility for adequate selection of antibiotic therapy effective against these organisms. Clostridia include anaerobic, spore‐forming bacteria that cause a wide range of diseases and have been found to be associated with anaerobic endocarditis rarely.
We describe a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis in a 22‐year‐old man caused by Clostridium bifermentans. Infection was confirmed by culture and molecular identification of the bacterium. The patient was treated with antibiotic therapy with a favourable recovery.
Anaerobic bacteria are an uncommon but important cause of infective endocarditis and therefore correct diagnosis of rare species should not be ignored.
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