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Journal of Medical Microbiology logo - Volume 56, Issue 10, 2007

Volume 56, Issue 10

Volume 56, Issue 10, 2007

  • Oral Microbiology

      • Phospholipase, proteinase and haemolytic activities of isolated from oral cavities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

        https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47303-0

        The aim of this study was to biotype and characterize phospholipase, proteinase and haemolytic activities of oral isolates from 210 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 210 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Seventy-six and 50 isolates were obtained from type 2 DM patients and controls, respectively, using the oral rinse technique. The isolates were characterized with a biotyping system based on enzyme profiles, carbohydrate assimilation patterns and boric acid resistance of the yeasts, and the isolates were further tested for phospholipase, proteinase and haemolytic activities. The major biotypes of isolates from the type 2 DM and control groups were A1R (42.1 %) and J1R (36.0 %), respectively. Significantly higher proteinase and haemolytic activities were found in the isolates from the type 2 DM group (<0.05). Proteinase activity was higher in isolates from patients with ≥10 years of DM history than those with <10 years (<0.05). Haemolytic activity was significantly higher in isolates from female DM patients than in those from male counterparts (<0.05). These data provide evidence of increased extracellular enzyme activity in isolates taken from DM patients.

    • Role of caspases in cleavage of lamin A/C and PARP during apoptosis in macrophages infected with a periodontopathic bacterium

      https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47193-0

      The periodontopathic bacterium has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. It has been reported previously that infection with the organism induced apoptosis in the mouse macrophage cell line J774.1. In the present study, the role of caspases during apoptosis in -infected J774.1 cells was examined. A large number of apoptotic cells was detected by flow cytometric analysis in infected J774.1 cells; however, inhibitors of caspase-9, -6 and -3/7 completely blocked the induction of apoptosis. Expression of the cleaved forms of caspase-6 and -7 was detected during apoptosis in infected J774.1 cells. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the caspase-9 inhibitor blocked expression of the cleaved forms of caspase-6 and -7, whilst the caspase-3 inhibitor blocked expression of the cleaved form of caspase-7, but not caspase-6. It is known that lamin A/C and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) are essential nuclear components for maintaining normal cell function and viability, and both were found to be cleaved in the infected J774.1 cells. Immunoblot analysis also revealed that the caspase-6 inhibitor blocked the cleavage of lamin A/C, whilst the caspase-3/7 inhibitor blocked the cleavage of PARP. Taken together, these results suggest that activation of caspases and the subsequent cleavage of lamin A/C and PARP are involved in the morphological changes of apoptotic macrophages infected with .

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