Risk factors for primary resistance in Bulgarian children Free

Abstract

Risk factors for primary resistance in 186 children with gastroduodenal diseases (44 from villages/small towns and 130 from large towns/cities) in 2000–2003 were tested. Susceptibility was tested by a limited agar dilution method. Overall resistance rates to metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline and both metronidazole and clarithromycin were 14.5, 11.9, 3.3 and 4.3 %, respectively. No amoxycillin resistance was observed. Tetracycline resistance was found in six children aged 7–18 years. Clarithromycin resistance was more common in children from small towns/villages (22.7 %) than in those from large towns/cities (8.5 %, < 0.05). There were no significant differences ( > 0.05) in resistance rates between children from northern Bulgaria and those from southern regions. Resistance rates in duodenal ulcer patients and other children were, respectively, 10.5 and 15 % ( > 0.20) for metronidazole and 10.5 and 12 % ( > 0.20) for clarithromycin. No combined resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin was found in 22 children aged 1–7 years and in 34 children living in northern Bulgaria. There were no significant associations of resistance with sex and age group (1–7- versus 8–18-year-old children) for all antibacterial agents tested. In conclusion, primary resistance was absent (for metronidazole + clarithromycin) or low (4.5 % for clarithromycin) in children aged 1–7 years. Place of residence was associated with clarithromycin resistance rates.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.45651-0
2004-09-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmm/53/9/JM530912.html?itemId=/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.45651-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bontems P., Devaster J. M., Corvaglia L., Dezsofi A., Van Den Borre C., Goutier S., Butzler J. P., Cadranel S. 2001; Twelve year observation of primary and secondary antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori strains in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 20:1033–1038 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Boyanova L., Stancheva I., Todorov D. & 7 other authors; 1996; Comparison of three urease tests for detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy specimens. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8:911–914
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Cabrita J., Oleastro M., Matos R. & 7 other authors; 2000; Features and trends in Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in Lisbon area, Portugal (1990–1999). J Antimicrob Chemother 46:1029–1031 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Dzierzanowska-Fangrat K., Rozynek E., Jozwiak P., Celinska- Cedro D., Madalinski K., Dzierzanowska D. 2001; Primary resistance to clarithromycin in clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori isolated from children in Poland. Int J Antimicrob Agents 18:387–390 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Fallone C. A. 2000; Epidemiology of the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Canada. Can J Gastroenterol 14:879–882
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Fraser A. G., Moore L., Hackett M., Hollis B. 1999; Helicobacter pylori treatment and antibiotic susceptibility: results of a five-year audit. Aust N Z J Med 29:512–516 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Glupczynski Y., Megraud F., Lopez-Brea M., Andersen L. P. 2001; European multicentre survey of in vitro antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori . Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 20:820–823 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Kalach N., Bergeret M., Benhamou P. H., Dupont C., Raymond J. 2001; High levels of resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori strains in children. J Clin Microbiol 39:394–397 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Katelaris P. H., Nguyen T. V., Robertson G. J., Bradbury R., Ngu M. C. 1998; Prevalence and demographic determinants of metronidazole resistance by Helicobacter pylori in a large cosmopolitan cohort of Australian dyspeptic patients. Aust N Z J Med 28:633–638 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Lopez-Brea M., Martinez M. J., Domingo D., Alarcon T. 2001; A 9 year study of clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori from Spanish children. J Antimicrob Chemother 48:295–297 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Megraud F., Lehn N., Lind T. & 7 other authors; 1999; Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori in a large multicenter trial: the MACH 2 Study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43:2747–2752
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Meyer J. M., Silliman N. P., Wang W. & 7 other authors; 2002; Risk factors for Helicobacter pylori resistance in the United States: the surveillance of H.pylori antimicrobial resistance partnership (SHARP) study, 1993–1999. Ann Intern Med 136:13–24 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. NCCLS 2000 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing . 10th informational supplement, approved standard M100-S10 (M7) Wayne, PA: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Osato M. S., Reddy R., Reddy S. G., Penland R. L., Malaty H. M., Graham D. Y. 2001; Pattern of primary resistance of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole or clarithromycin in the United States. Arch Intern Med 161:1217–1220 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Parsons H. K., Carter M. J., Sanders D. S., Winstanley T., Lobo A. J. 2001; Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial resistance in the United Kingdom: the effect of age, sex and socio-economic status. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 15:1473–1478 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Pilotto A., Rassu M., Leandro G., Franceschi M., Di Mario F. 2000; Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Northeast Italy: a multicentre study.GISU. Interdisciplinary Group for the Study of Ulcer. Dig Liver Dis 32:763–768 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Rerksuppaphol S., Hardikar W., Midolo P. D., Ward P. 2003; Antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori isolates from children. J Paediatr Child Health 39:332–335 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Samra Z., Shmuely H., Niv Y. & 7 other authors; 2002; Resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolated in Israel to metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin and cefixime. J Antimicrob Chemother 49:1023–1026 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.45651-0
Loading
/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.45651-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed